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Foramen mentale - horizontalna pozicija i oblik u populaciji jugoistočne Srbije
The mental foramen: Horizontal position and shape in Southeast Serbian population
aUniverzitet u Nišu, Medicinski fakultet, Stomatološka klinika bUniverzitet u Nišu, Medicinski fakultet, Katedra Anatomija
e-adresa: jelenadp@gmail.com
Projekat: Primena funkcionalizovanih ugljeničnih nanocevi i nanočestica zlata za pripremu dendritskih ćelija u terapiji tumora (MPNTR - 175102)
Ključne reči: foramen mentale; mandibula; panoramski snimak
Sažetak
Foramen mentale je važan anatomski detalj i poznavanje njegove pozicije je značajno u stomatologiji u procedurama davanja lokalne anestezije, kod hirurških i endodontskih zahvata, kao i u forenzici. Cilj studije je bio da se utvrdi najčešća pozicija i oblik foramena mentale u populaciji jugoistočne Srbije. Analizirano je 300 panoramskih snimaka na kojima je horizontalna pozicija određivana pomoću referentnih linija koje su prolazile duž aksijalnih osa prvog i drugog donjeg premolara i mezijalnog korena donjeg prvog molara. U 62% slučajeva foramen mentale je bio lokalizovan u oblasti između prvog i drugog donjeg premolara, u 21% slučajeva nalazio se u nivou donjeg drugog premolara, kod 9% u nivou donjeg prvog premolara, u 8% u regiji između drugog premolara i prvog molara. U 54% slučajeva foramen mentale je bio okruglog oblika. U 26% slučajeva uočena je asimetrija pozicije foramena mentale na levoj i desnoj strani mandibule, dok je asimetrija oblika uočena kod 32% pacijenata. Najčešća pozicija foramena mentale je bila u regiji između prvog i drugog donjeg premolara, dok je najčešći oblik bio okrugao. Poznavanje varijabilnosti pozicije foramena mentale je od značaja u dijagnozi i kliničkim procedurama u oblasti mandibule.
Abstract
The mental foramen is an important anatomic landmark not only in dentistry but also in forensics, and the knowledge about its accurate location is important in receiving local anesthesia, during surgical and endodontic procedures. The purpose of this study was to determine the most common position and shape of the mental foramen in the Southeast Serbian population. Three hundred panoramic radiographs were analyzed and the horizontal position of the mental foramen was determined according to the reference lines drawn at the longitudinal axes of the first and the second premolar and the mesial root of the first molar. In 62% of the cases mental foramen was between longitudinal axes of the first and the second premolar, in 21% it was in line with the second premolar, in 9% in line with the first premolar, in 8% between the axes of the second premolar and the first molar. The most common shape was round (54%). The horizontal position and shape were asymmetrical in 26% and 32% of the cases, respectively. The most common position of the mental foramen was between the first and the second premolar, while the most common shape was round. Knowledge about variable positions of the mental foramen is important in establishing diagnosis and clinical procedures in the region of the mandible.
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