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Efekat intervalnog (HIIT) aerobnog treninga na akutno oštećenje mišića kod košarkašica u odnosu na kontinuirani aerobni trening
The effect of interval (HIIT) aerobic training on acute muscle damage in woman basketball players related to continuous aerobe training
Sažetak
Tokom intenzivnog vežbanja, naročito profesionalnih sportista, mišići se privremeno zamaraju i mogu da oslabe, te su nekad potrebni dani da bi se mišić oporavio. Cilj ove studije bio je da se praćenjem biohemijskih parametara oštećenja mišića u toku trenažnog procesa utvrdi zamor mišića košarkašica nakon opterećenja izazvanog dvema vrstama aerobnog trening. U sklopu longitudinalne, eksperimentalne studije izabran je uzorak od 12 košarkašica, životnog doba od 14 do 28 godina, sa sportskim stažom u trajanju od najkraće pet godina. Ispitivanje je sprovedeno u pretakmičarskoj fazi, gde su ispitanice imale dva treninga dnevno. Razmak između dva uzorkovanja bio je 14 dana, gde je prvo uzorkovanje rađeno pre i posle kontinuiranog aerobnog treninga, odnosno drugo uzorkovanje pre i posle intervalnog aerobnog (HIIT) treninga. Parametri koji su određivani su kreatin kinaza, mioglobin, troponin I i laktati. Analizirane grupe u odnosu na vrstu trenažne intervencije statistički se značajno razlikuju u odnosu na rezultate u testu u svim parametrima (p=0.05), osim u troponinu I, kako unutar treninga (pre i posle svake trenažne intervencije), tako i u odnosu na vrstu treninga. Primenom HIIT treninga ne narušava se homeostaza organizma više nego kod kontinuiranog aerobnog treninga, a benefiti takvog vežbanja su mnogostruki.
Abstract
During intense exercise, especially professional athletes, the muscles are temporarily tired and can be weakened, and sometimes days are needed for the muscle to recover. The aim of this study was to determine the muscle fatigue of the basketball player following the stress of two types of aerobic training by monitoring the biochemical parameters of muscle damage during the training process. As part of the longitudinal, experimental study, a sample of 12 basketball players, a life span of 14 to 28 years old, was selected, with a sports experience lasting at least five years. The trial was conducted at the pre-match phase, where the subjects had two training sessions per day. The spacing between the two sampling was 14 days, where the first sampling was done after continuous aerobic training and other sampling was done after an intermittent aerobic (HIIT) training. The parameters that were determined were creatine kinase, myoglobin, troponin and lactate. Analyzed groups in relation to the type of training interventions statistically differ significantly from the results in the test in all parameters (p=0.05), except in troponin I, before and after each training intervention and as well as in relation to the type of training. Using HIIT training does not disturb the homeostasis of the organism more than in other training of greater intensity and volume, and the benefits of such exercise are multiple.
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