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Acta Facultatis Medicae Naissensis
2020, vol. 37, br. 1, str. 5-22
Metabolički sindrom i poremećaji metabolizma masti - molekularni i biohemijski aspekti
Tkachenko Oksanaa, Polishchuk Irynab, Gorchakova Nadiyac, Zaychenko Hannac
aInstitit za biohemiju Paladin, Kijev, Ukrajina
bPolitehnički institut "Igor Sikorsky" Kijev, Kijev, Ukrajina
cNacionalni medicinski univerzitet Bogomolets, Kijev, Ukrajina

e-adresa: tmb@kpi.ua
Sažetak
Ovaj revijski rad prikazuje karakteristike adipoznog tkiva, kao metabolički aktivnog organa, ukazuje na endokrine funkcije adipoznog tkiva, i predstavlja ulogu adipoznog tkiva u funkcionisanju imunog sistema. Takođe, prikazana je uloga gojaznosti u razvoju insulinske rezistencije i dijabetesa melitusa tipa 2, i prikazan je efekat dislipidemije na razvoj metaboličkog sindroma i insulinsku rezistenciju. Pokazano je da je osnovna funkcija masnog tkiva skladištenje energije preko održavanja ravnoteže između lipolize i lipogenetskih procesa. Inhibicija lipogeneze i uvećanje lipolize posmatrani su u metaboličkim poremećajima, naročito u insulinskoj rezistenciji. Funkcija adipoznog tkiva reguliše se putem adipokina, koji se tu i luče. Stanje inflamacije suštinski je konstituent i jedan je od razloga statusa insulinske rezistencije. Neutralizacija glavnih inflamatornih citokina ne obnavlja senzitivnost na insulin, što ukazuje na činjenicu da stanje upale nije jedini uzrok insulinske rezistencije. Hronična inflamacija niskog stepena razvija se kao rezultat gojaznosti. Proinflamatorni citokini utiču na insulinsko signaliziranje putem stimulacije stres kinaza. Funkcije signalnih i imunih ćelija zavise od fosfolipidnog sastava. Nezasićene masne kiseline su supstrat sinteze bioaktivnih medijatora. Dodeljeni aktivirani receptori proliferacije peroksizoma (PPARs) smatraju se glavnim terapeutskim ciljem. Takođe, ispitani su sintetički ligandi tiazolidindona, kao i komponente endogenog kanabinoidnog sistema N-acetiltanolamina. N-steroletanolamin je od posebne važnosti; takođe, prikazan je njegov pozitivni efekat na normalizaciju lipidnog profila različitih tkiva, naročito tkiva osetljivih na insulin.
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O članku

jezik rada: engleski
vrsta rada: pregledni članak
DOI: 10.5937/afmnai2001005T
objavljen u SCIndeksu: 15.06.2020.
metod recenzije: dvostruko anoniman
Creative Commons License 4.0

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