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2020, vol. 47, iss. 2, pp. 131-137
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By-products of the oil industry as sources of amino acids in feed
Sporedni proizvodi industrije ulja kao izvori aminokiselina u hrani za životinje
Project: Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development, Republic of Serbia (Institution: Institute for Food Technology, Novi Sad) (MESTD - 451-03-68/2020-14/200222)
Abstract
A global increase in the demand for livestock products suggests that there will be a consequent rise in demand for feed, not only of cereals but of other feeds and particularly proteins. In the present study, oil industry by-products such as soybean meal, soybean cake and sunflower meal were analysed as sources of amino acids in animal nutrition. From among oilseed byproducts, the soybean meal content the most of crude protein up to 44% and the best of amino acid composition, while content of crude cellulose (about 6%) is lower in comparison to other oilseed meals. The results showed that the total amino acids in the examined samples ranged from 31.87 to 41.01%, and the total essential and nonessential amino acids varied from 13.41 to 17.38% and from 18.46 to 23.76%, respectively. Generally, the protein contained in soybean meal and cake was rich in essential amino acids. However, because of the lowest amino acid score, methionine was considered as a limiting amino acid in both soybean by-products. On the other hand, soya's meal contained higher level of lysine than other protein-based vegetable alternative to soya like sunflower meals examined in this study. Glutamic acid, aspartic acid, leucine and valine were the most abundant amino acids in all tested by-products of the oil industry. Therefore, partial substitution of protein sources in feeds with proteins from the oil industry by-products may improve feed quality.
Sažetak
Globalno povećanje potražnje za proizvodima animalnog porekla ukazuje na značajan rast potražnje za stočnom hranom, ne samo žitaricama već i drugom hranom za životinje, a posebno proteinima. Cilj ove studije bio je da se ispitaju sporedni proizvodi industrije ulja, kao što su sojina sačma, sojina pogača i suncokretova sačma, kao izvori aminokiselina u hrani za životinje. Među sporednim proizvodima industrije ulja, sojina sačma je imala najviši procenat proteina do 44% i najbolji sastav aminokiselina, dok je sadržaj sirove celuloze (oko 6%) bio niži u poređenju sa ostalim uzorcima suncokretove sačme. Rezultati su pokazali da se sadržaj ukupnih aminokiselina u ispitivanim uzorcima kretao od 31,87 do 41,01%, dok su vrednosti esencijalnih i neesencijalnih aminokiselina varirale od 13,41 do 17,38%, odnosno od 18,46 do 23,76%. Pored toga, najveći sadržaj esencijalnih aminokiselina je primećen u sojinoj sačmi i pogači. Zbog najniže vrednosti, metionin se smatrao ograničavajućom aminokiselinom u oba sporedna proizvoda od soje. S druge strane, sadržaj lizina je bio viši u sojinoj sačmi u poređenju sa ispitivanim uzorcima suncokretove sačme u ovoj studiji. Glutaminska kiselina, asparaginska kiselina, leucin i valin bile su najzastupljenije aminokiseline u svim testiranim uzorcima. Stoga delimična zamena izvora proteina u hrani za životinje proteinima iz sporednih proizvoda industrije ulja može poboljšati kvalitet hrane za životinje.
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