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2021, vol. 48, br. 1, str. 23-28
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Određivanje mesnatosti polutki tovljenika u osam klanica u regionu Vojvodine, Srbija
Lean meat content of pig carcasses in the eight slaughterhouses in the region of Vojvodina, Serbia
Projekat: 104/401-7097/2017-03
Sažetak
Krajnji proizvod proizvodnje svinja je trup zaklane životinje. Procenat mesa je mera kvaliteta trupa. Srbija je jedna od nekolicine zemalja u Evropi koja još uvek ne vrši klasifikaciju svinjskih trupova i koja nije zakonski regulisala klasifikaciju trupova. Cilj ovog rada je bio da se izvrši klasifikacija svinjskih trupova u nekoliko klanica u Vojvodini prema SEUROP sistemu klasifikacije trupova. Ukupno je određena mesnatost kod 65764 trupova svinja u osam različitih klanica. Mesnatost se određivala 45 minuta post mortem metodom jedne tačke. Merenje je izvršeno optoelektronskom sondom za klasifikaciju svinjskih trupova CLASSPRO Gmbh (Germany). Ubodno mesto je 7 cm od medijalne linije trupa, između 3 i 4 rebra. Procenat mesnatosti u trupu se izračunavao na osnovu matematičkog modela. U svih osam klanica nijedan trup nije bio u klasi P. Većina polutki je bila u klasi E (35545 trupova ili 55,62% ukupno) i u klasi U (25864 trupova ili 37,87% ukupno). Međutim, veoma Mali broj trupova je bio u klasi S sa više od 60% mesnatosti, samo 2086 trupova ili 3,5% ukupno. Svaki budući napor države usmeren ka primeni sistema otkupa tovljenika na osnovu kvaliteta trupa imaće ogroman efekat na proizvodnju svinja. Uzgajivači bi bili motivisani da investiraju u farmski menadžment i selekciju da bi poboljšali kvalitet proizvoda-svinja. S druge strane, ovo bi se povoljno odrazilo na mesnu industriju jer bi na raspolaganju imala kvalitetniju polaznu sirovinu.
Abstract
The end product of the pig production is carcass. Lean meat content is a measure of the quality of the carcass. Serbia is one of only a few countries in Europe which has not yet adopted the practice of pig's carcasses classification and failed to regulate this issue through legislation. The purpose of this work was to measure lean meat content in carcasses probed in several slaughterhouses in the Province of Vojvodina (northern Serbia) and to classify them according to the SEUROP classification. In total it was classified 65764 pig carcasses in eight different slaughterhouses. The lean mean content was measured on the slaughter line 45 minutes post mortem with the one-point puncture model. The measurement was carried out with the optoelectronic probe for the classification of pig carcasses CLASSPRO GmbH (Germany). The percentage of meat in the carcass was calculated using the mathematical model. In all eight slaughterhouses in which the measurements were done there was no poor quality (P class) pig carcass. The majority of carcasses were in the class E-excellent (35545 carcasses or 54.05% in total) and U-very good (25864 carcasses or 39.33% in total). However, a very small number of the carcasses were in the superior class with more than 60% of lean meat content, only 2072 carcasses or 3.15% in total. Any future effort which the government would put in the implementation of the system of pricing of pigs based on the carcass characteristics would have enormous effect on the pig production in general. The pig producers would have the reason to invest in better farm management, selection in effort to improve the quality of the end products-pigs. In addition, the meat industry would certainly have benefits by having a higher quality raw material for further processing.
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