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Trocki kao proizvod specifičnog vremena - strategija, liderstvo i kulturalizacija
Trotsky as a product of specific time: Strategy, leadership and culturalization
Sažetak
Cilj rada je da se ispita reputacija Lava Trockog kao vođe strategije koja je nastala tokom turbulentnih godina ruske revolucije. Sa specifičnim rukovodstvom, bio je proizvod specifične epohe, vršio je uticaj na ključne istorijske i kulturne događaje i kao takav bio je predmet istraživanja više od pola veka. Bez njegovih odličnih strateških veština, boljševici možda nikada ne bi došli na vlast. Na kraju je Staljin pobedio Trockog, koji je, zarobljen sopstvenim principima, imao malo političkih veština. Do 1927. isključen iz Partije, do 1929. iz same Rusije, Trocki je izbledeo sa ruske scene. Prognan, konačno je našao podršku u Meksiku, radio je tamo, uticao na Kardenasa i nadrealističke umetnike, napisao mnoge odlične članke, dao ogroman doprinos umetnosti, ali nije mogao da izbegne Staljinovu represiju, završio je ubijen. Rad se prvenstveno zasniva na delima Trockog, njegovih bibliografa kao što su: Ernes, Dimitri, teorija trockizma i nadrealističke kritike. Mapiranjem najznačajnijih teorija pokušali smo da predstavimo ideologiju tog vremena i njen uticaj na politiku i umetnost, kao i na percepciju liderstva. Hipoteza ovog rada je da je Trocki zaista bio proizvod određenog vremena i pozadine, ali da su ga odneli događaji kojima je pomogao da se oslobodi, koji su imali ogroman uticaj na različita polja kulture, doprineli ogromnoj kulturalizaciji.
Abstract
The aim of the paper is to examine Leon Trotsky's reputation as a strategy leader forged during the turbulent years of the Russian Revolution. Having specific leadership, he was a product of specific era, exerted an influence on the key historic and cultural events, and as such, subject of research for more than half a century. Without his excellent strategic skills, the Bolsheviks might never have come to power. Eventually, Stalin defeated Trotsky, who, trapped by his own principles, had few political skills. By 1927 expelled from the Party, by 1929 from Russia itself, Trotsky faded from the Russian scene. Exiled, he found support finally in Mexico, worked there, influenced Cardenas and surrealistic artists, wrote many excellent articles, made enormous contribution to art, but couldn't avoid Stalin repression, ended up murdered. The paper is primarily based on Trotsky's own writings, his bibliographers like: Ernes, Dimitri, Trotskyism theory and surrealistic critiques. By mapping the most significant theories, we tried to present the ideology of that time and its impact on politics and art, same as perception of leadership. The hypothesis of the paper is that Trotsky was indeed a product of specific time and background, but was swept away by events he helped unleash, having a huge impact on various cultural fields, contributed to huge culturalization.
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