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2020, vol. 74, br. 2, str. 173-183
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Opažena motivaciona klima kreirana od strane trenera i fizička samoefikasnost kao prediktori sportskog zadovoljstva kod mladih srpskih sportistkinja
Perceived motivational climate created by coach and physical self-efficacy as predictors of the young Serbian female athletes satisfaction
aMatica Srpska, Novi Sad bUniverzitet u Beogradu, Fakultet sporta i fizičkog vaspitanja, Srbija cUniverzitet u Novom Sadu, Filozofski fakultet, Odsek za psihologiju, Srbija
e-adresa: jovana.trbojevic88@gmail.com
Sažetak
Polazeći od teorije ciljeva, ali i Bandurine teorije samoefikasnosti i trijadnog modela recipročne uzročnosti, ovaj rad ispituje relacije opažene motivacione klime kreirane od strane trenera i fizičke samoefikasnosti mladih sportistkinja sa stepenom zadovoljstva u sportu. Uzorak se sastojao od 117 mladih sportistkinja, uzrasta 11 i 17 godina (M= 13,62) iz Srbije, koje treniraju odbojku (N=51), košarku (N=48) i rukomet (N=18) u različitim klubovima. Tokom s2017. godine, ispitanice su popunjavale Upitnik o zadovoljstvu sportista (Athlete Satisfaction Questionnaire - ASQ, Riemer, & Chelladurai, 1998) - subskalu zadovoljstvo ličnim izvođenjem i iskorišćenošću sposobnosti sportista; Upitnik opažene motivacione klime u sportu, kreiranu od strane trenera (Perceived Motivational Climate in Sport Questionnaire -2 - PMCSQ-2 (Newton, Duda & Yin, 2000) - skraćenu verziju koja izdvaja tri subskale: motivacionu klimu usmerenu na učenje, favorizovanje igrača i kažnjavanje; Upitnik fizičke samoefikasnosti (The Physical Self-Efficacy Scale, Ryckman et al., 1982) - subskala opažene fizičke sposobnosti. Rezultati regresione analize pokazuju da opažena motivaciona klima, kreirana od strane trenera i opažena fizička sposobnost, predstavljaju značajne prediktore (F(4,107)= 31.78, p=.00) koji objašnjavaju 55% varijanse zadovoljstva sportistkinja. Kao značajni individualni prediktori izdvojili su se motivaciona klima usmerena na učenje i opažena fizička sposobnost. Način na koji sportistkinje opažaju ponašanje trenera, ali i sopstvenu fizičku samoefikasnost, povezani su sa zadovoljstvom u sportu. Sportisti koji imaju izražen stepen zadovoljstva u sportu postižu značajne sportske rezultate i nastavljaju da se kontinuirano bave sportom. Značaj dobijenih rezultata ogleda se u boljem razumevanju faktora koji doprinose zadovoljstvu kod mladih sportistkinja i kreiranju preventivnih programa u sprečavanju odustajanja od sporta kod adolescentkinja sportiskinja.
Abstract
Starting from the Achievement Goal Theory, but also Bandura's theory of self-efficacy and Triadic Reciprocal Causation, this paper considered perceived motivational climate created by the coach and percieved physical self-efficacy as key predictors of young female athletes' satisfaction. The sample consisted from 117 young female athletes aged between 11 to 17 (M=13.62) from Serbia; who train volleyball (N=51), basketball (N=48) and handball (N=18) in different clubs. During 2017, respondents filled out questionnaires Athlete Satisfaction Questionnaire - ASQ (Riemer, & Chelladurai, 1998) - subscale of satisfaction with personal performance and subscale of satisfaction with the level of athlete's skills utilization; Perceived Motivational Climate in Sport Questionnaire-2 - PMCSQ-2 (Newton, Duda & Yin, 2000) - shortened version with three subscales: Task-oriented motivational climate, Unequal recognition and Punishment for mistakes; The Physical Self-Efficacy Scale (Ryckman et al., 1982) - subscale Perceived Physical Ability. Results of regression analysis show that Perceived motivational climate created by coach and Perceived Physical Ability represent significant predictors (F(4,107)= 31.78, p=.00) that explain 55% variance of female athletes satisfaction. Task-oriented motivational climate and Perceived physical ability stood out as significant individual predictors. Coach as well as physical self-perception of young female athletes are related with athlete's satisfaction. Satisfied athletes have greater results in sports, as well as the intention to continue doing sports. Significance of these results lies in the better understanding female athlete's satisfaction in Serbia, and contributes to creating prevention programs in order to help girls stay in sports.
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