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2021, vol. 16, br. 2, str. 39-56
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Socijalni kapital klastera u funkciji podizanja konkurentnosti malih i srednjih preduzeća
Social capital of clusters in the function of raising competitiveness of small and medium sized enterprises
aDržavna revizorska institucija bAkademija strukovnih studija kosovsko metohijska cPrivredni sud u Beogradu
e-adresa: vladam338@gmail.com
Sažetak
Socijalni kapital predstavlja kolektivnu ili individualnu vrednost dobijenu iz povezanosti u određenim grupama ili mrežama. Klasteri su sistem povezanih preduzeća i institucija koje zajedničkim delovanjem obezbeđuju sinergetski efekat. Shodno tome, jedan od vrlo popularnih načina organizovanja i jačanja uloge malih i srednjih preduzeća jeste njihovo povezivanje u klastere i građenje konkurentske prednosti ekonomije na toj osnovi. Danas brojne organizacije sve izraženije nastoje da izmene svoj odnos prema socijalnom kapitalu i usmere značajan deo aktivnosti prema njegovom kvalitetnom upravljanju. Cilj ovog rada je da se sagledaju socijalni procesi u klasterima Srbije i ukaže kako pristupanje klasteru znači ulazak u specifičnu mrežu odnosa koja u sebi može da krije bogat socijalni kapital. U tom smislu, biće ukazano na značaj prepoznavanja socijalnog kapitala u klasterima od strane malih i srednjjih preduzeća s obzirom da odnosi neformalnih i formalnih veza u mrežama imaju stratešku važnost za unapređenje performansi MSP, koje zbog ograničenih resursa nisu u mogućnosti da bez ovih mreža brže tržišno napreduju.
Abstract
Social capital represents collective or individual value gained from connectedness in certain groups or networks. Custer is a system of connected enterprises and institutions that provide synergetic effect with their actions. Accordingly, one of very popular ways of organizing and strengthening the role of small and medium-sized enterprises is their connecting into clusters and building competitive advantage on that basis. Nowadays numerous organisations are trying to change their relationship towards social capital and divert a significant portion of their activities towards its quality management. The aim of this paper is to perceive social processes in the Serbian clusters and point out how the access to a cluster means entering a specific network of relations that can contain rich social capital. In that sense, the significance of the recognition of social capital in the clusters by small and medium-sized enterprises will be highlighted, since the relations of formal and informal connections in the networks have a strategic value for the improvement of SMEs, that are otherwise unable to make faster economic progress due to limited resources.
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