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2012, vol. 18, br. 2, str. 155-161
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Određivanje karbonilnih jedinjenja (acetaldehida i formaldehida) u ambalaži od poliietilentereftalata namenjenoj za čuvanje vode
Determination of carbonyl compounds (acetaldehyde and formaldehyde) in polyethylene terephthalate containers designated for water conservation
Projekat: Novi proizvodi cerealija i pseudocerealija iz organske proizvodnje (MPNTR - 46005)
Savremeno oplemenjivanje strnih žita za sadašnje i buduće potrebe (MPNTR - 31066)
Sažetak
Poletilen-tereftalat (PET) je u poslednjih nekoliko godina postao glavnimaterijal za pakovanje mnogih prehrambenih proizvoda, naročito za gazirana pića i flaširane vode, kao i za proizvode hemijske industrije (za pakovanje raznih sredstava za održavanje higijene, pesticida, rastvarača i dr). Acetaldehid i formaldehid nastaju u toku termoformiranja PET ambalaže. Posle hlađenja acetaldehid i formaldehid ostaju zarobljeni u zidu PET boce i mogu migrirati u vodu posle punjenja i skladištenja. S obzirom da kod nas nisu propisani migracioni testovi za određivanje acetaldehida i formaldehida, cilj ovog rada je bio da se ispita kvantitativni sadržaj karbonilnih jedinjenja ( acetaldehida i formaldehida ) u PET ambalaži različitih zapremina, različitih proizvođača flaširane mineralne gazirane i negazi- rane vode, izložene različitim temperaturama. Karbonilna jedninjenje su određivana obrnuto-faznom tečnom hromatografijom pod visokim pritiskom (RP-HPLC). Sobzirom da formaldehid i acetaldehid nemaju UV aktivnu ili fluorescentnu grupu, hromatografskim određivanjima prethodi derivatizacija u zatvorenom sistemu (zbogniskih tački ključanja formaldehida i acetaldehida), čime se karbonilna jedinjenja prevode u UV aktivna jedinjenja.
Abstract
Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) has in the last several years become the main packaging material for many food products, particularly carbonated beverages and bottled water, as well as for products of chemical industry (packaging of various hygiene maintenance agents, pesticides, solvents, etc.). The strength and permeability properties of PET are very good for packaging of beverages, its resistance to chemicals is high and it has a high degree of transparency. Acetaldehyde and formaldehyde are formed during the thermo- forming of PET containers. After cooling, acetaldehyde and formaldehyde remain trapped in the walls of a PET bottle and may migrate into the water after filling and storage. Since there are no migration tests in Serbia prescribed for the determination of acetaldehyde and formaldehyde, the purpose of the paper is to test the quantitative contents of carbonyl compounds (acetaldehyde and formaldehyde) in PET containers of different volumes, made by various manufacturers of bottled mineral carbonated and noncarbonated water, and exposed to different temperatures. In this study, the migration of acetaldehyde and formaldehyde from PET bottles into mineral carbonated and noncarbonated water was determined by high performance liquid chromatography. Taking into consideration that formaldehyde and acetaldehyde have no UV active or fluorescent group, the chromatography was preceded by derivatization in a closed system (due to a low boiling point of acetaldehyde and form- aldehyde), which transforms carbonyl compounds into UV active compounds.
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Reference
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*** (1982) Council Directive of 18 October, laying down the basic rules necessary for testing migration of the constituents of plastic materials and articles intended to come into contact with foodstuffs. 82/711/EEC
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