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2011, vol. 48, br. 1, str. 99-106
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Kombinacione sposobnosti i način nasleđivanja debljine stabla F1 hibrida krmnog sirka (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench)
Combining ability and mode of inheritance of stem thickness in forage sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) F1 hybrids
Sažetak
Cilj ispitivanja je bilo utvrđivanje načina nasleđivanja, efekta gena komponenti genetske varijanse, kombinacionih sposobnosti, prosečnog doprinosa linija i testera i njihove interakcije u ekspresiji debljine stabla u F1 generaciji krmnog sirka. Primenjen je metod linija x tester. Materijal je obuhvatao osam genetski divergentnih A-inbred linija sirka za zrno, tri R linije-testera sudanske trave i dvadeset četiri F1 hibrida dobijenih njihovim ukrštanjem. Između ispitivanih genotipova ustanovljene su značajne razlike u srednjim vrednostima za debljinu stabla. Rezultati analize varijanse kombinacionih sposobnosti pokazuju da postoje visoko značajne razlike za opšte kombinacione sposobnosti (OKS) i posebne kombinacione sposobnosti (PKS). Neaditivna komponenta genetske varijanse (dominacija i epistaza) ima veći udeo u ukupnoj genetskoj varijansi za debljinu stabla. U prvoj godini ispitivanja najveći doprinos u ekspresiji debljine stabla F1 hibrida na oba lokaliteta imala je interakcija inbred linija majki sa testerima, u drugoj godini ispitivanja na lokalitetu Rimski Šančevi najveći doprinos pripada linijama, dok su na lokalitetu Mačvanski Prnjavor najveći doprinos imali testeri. Ocena kombinacionih sposobnosti ukazuje na opravdanost korišćenja sledećih inbred linija sirka za zrno u svojstvu majki: SS-1 646, SS-1 688 i S-8 682 u programima oplemenjivanja krmnog sirka na veću debljinu stabla. Perspektivni hibridi krmnog sirka na osnovu analize PKS su S-8 682 x ST-R lin H, P-21 656 x C-198. Ovo istraživanje može biti od značaja za stvaranje novih visoko prinosnih hibrida krmnog sirka.
Abstract
Aim of this research was determination of mode of inheritance, gene effects components of genetic variance, combining abilities, average contribution of lines and testers and their interactions in expression of stem thickness in forage sorghum F1 generation. Method line x tester was applied. Material comprised of eight genetically divergent A-inbred lines of grain sorghum three R lines-testers of Sudan grass and twenty-four F1 hybrids obtained by crossing lines with testers. Among tested genotypes there were significant differences in mean values of stem thickness. Analysis of variance of combining abilities showed that there were highly significant differences for general combining abilities (GCA) and specific combining abilities (SCA) non-additive component of genetic variance (dominance and epistasis) had greater portion in total genetic variance for stem thickness. During the first research year, interaction between inbred maternal line with testers had the largest contribution in expression of stem thickness of F1 hybrid at both locations, while in the second year at location Rimski Šančevi the largest contribution belongs to lines and at location Mačvanski Prnjavor the largest contribution belongs to testers. Assessment of combining abilities showed that these inbred lines of grain sorghum can be used as mothers: SS-1 646, SS-1 688 and S-8 682 in breeding forage sorghum for thicker stem. According to SCA, promising forage sorghum hybrids are S-8 682 x ST-R lin H and P-21 656 x C-198. This research can be of importance for developing new high-yielding forage sorghum hybrids.
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