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2012, vol. 40, br. 5, str. 445-452
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Fitopatološki i entomološki problemi na salati i kupusnjačama u organskoj proizvodnji
Pathogens and insects in organic production of lettuce and crucifers
aUniverzitet u Novom Sadu, Poljoprivredni fakultet, Srbija bNaučni institut za ratarstvo i povrtarstvo, Novi Sad, Srbija
e-adresa: stevanm@polj.uns.ac.rs
Projekat: Organska poljoprivreda: Unapređenje proizvodnje primenom đubriva, biopreparata i bioloških mera (MPNTR - 31027)
Sažetak
Tokom 2011. i 2012. godine izvršen je zdravstveni pregled različitih vrsta kupusnjača i salate u organskoj proizvodnji na imanju registrovanog poljoprivrednog proizvođača u Kisaču. Na pregledanim parcelama utvrđeno je pojedinačno prisustvo bele truleži i plamenjače na salati, plamenjače na kelerabi i kile kupusa na kupusu. Štetni insekti su uočeni samo na kupusnjačama. Odmah po rasađivanju, izuzetno brojni su bili buvači, naročito u 2012. godini. U kasnijim fenofazama razvoja kupusnjača registrovana je pojava gusenica lisnih sovica. Najviše napadnut i oštećen od gusenica sovica je bio kupus, a znatno manje ljubičasti kupus, kelj, keleraba i brokoli.
Abstract
The health status of crucifers and lettuce crops in organic production, was examined during the 2011 and 2012 growing season in the village of Kisač, the Vojvodina Province. The presence of white rot and downy mildew on lettuce, downy mildew on kohlrabi and club root on cabbage was noticed. These pathogens in favorable conditions and in lack of preventive measures could be a problem in organic production. Harmful insects were detected only on crucifers. Soon after seeding to the field, young plants were attacked by highly abundant populations of Phyllotreta species, especially during July 2012. In the second part of growing season, in 2011, the most numerous on cabbage were larvae of Lacanobia oleracea and Mamestra brassicae, while in 2012 prevalent was Helicoverpa armigera. Other crucifers, like kale, kohlrabi and broccoli were less attacked by noctuid larvae.
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