2010, vol. 27, br. 3-4, str. 38-45
|
|
Neki aspekti odnosa škole prirodnog prava i Kelzenove normativističke teorije prava
The relationship between the school of natural law and Kelsen's normative school of law
aUniverzitet Privredna akademija u Novom Sadu, Pravni fakultet za privredu i pravosuđe, Srbija
bNovi Sad
Sažetak
Škola prirodnog prava i Kelzenova normativistička teorija prava, ostavile su zapaženo mesto u celokupnoj istoriji u oblasti teorije prava. Međutim škola prirodnog prava ima svoje trajanje od petog veka pre nove ere, a Kelzenova normativistička teorija ima trajanje nešto više od pola stoleća (od 40-tih godina prošlog veka). Osnovne karakteristike Škole prirodnog prava jeste da svoj izvor nalazi u ljudskom umu kao prirodnoj supstanci i čije su karakteristike osnovna i univerzalna prava čoveka kao što su pravo na život, pravo na slobodu, pravo na ljudsko dostojanstvo i pravo na imovinu i jednakost ljudi po rođenju. Međutim Kelzenova normativistička teorija izvor celokupnog prava nalazi u pra-normi, jednoj metafizičnoj normi kojom se definiše i suština čoveka i same države Ipak i Škola prirodnog prava i Kelzenova normativistička teorija, svaka na svoj način, su ukazivale na manjkavosti pozitivnog prava, koje, uglavnom, počiva na interesno političkoj osnovi. S tim da prirodno pravo na jedan umno-racionalan i prirodan način interpretira koncept prava, bez primesa interesno političkog i ideološkog, a Kelzenova normativistička teorija čuva i štiti pravo od ideološko-političkog kroz zatvoren sistem čistog prava koje počiva na pra-normi, koja nema uporišta u prirodno i društvenoj realnosti.
Abstract
The School of natural law and Kelsen's normative theory of law have taken an important place in the whole history of theory of law. However, the School of natural law has lasted since the 5th century B. C., and Kelsen's normative theory has lasted for more than a half a century (since the forties of the last century). The main characteristic of the School of natural law is in the fact that it finds its source in a human's mind as a natural substance whose characteristics are basic and universal human's rights such as the right of life, the right of freedom, the right of human's dignity as well as the right of property and people's equality by birth. But, Kelsen's normative theory finds the source of the whole law in a prenorm, i. e. a metaphysical norm by which there are defined both the human's very nature and the essence of the state itself. However, both the School of natural law and Kelsen's normative theory, each in its own way, pointed at certain imperfection of positive law which was mainly based on interest-political basis. It is known that natural law interprets the concept of law in an intellectual-rational and natural way without interest-political and ideological elements. On the other side, Kelsen's normative theory keeps and protects law from ideological-political influence through the closed system of pure law based on the pre-norm and having no support in a natural and social reality.
|