2011, vol. 63, br. 2, str. 126-149
|
|
Naučna izgrađenost operatike kao nauke odbrane
Level of scientifically based development of operational art as defense science
Univerzitet odbrane, Vojna akademija, Beograd, Srbija
Sažetak
Naučna izgrađenost operatike važno je pitanje za ocenu sadašnjeg stanja i osnovne orijentacije u njenom budućem naučnom tretmanu i razvoju u okviru nauke odbrane. Pod naučnom izgrađenošću operatike podrazumeva se stepen naučne zasnovanosti operatike uopšte, njenog predmeta (objekta), teorije, jezika i metoda. Slabosti u naučnom utemeljenju su, pretežno, posledica nedovoljne naučne izgrađenosti njenih konstituenasa. Njihovo izgrađivanje u nauci, pa samim tim i u operatici, temelji se na čvrstim logičko-metodološkim opštim određenjima. Istorijska uloga i značaj operacije u razmatranjima opredeljuju određenje operacije kao objekta operatike. U okviru operacije, kao pojave, uočavaju se različiti problemi praktične aktivnosti ljudi, bilo u smislu pripreme i izvođenja operacije, bilo u pokušaju saznavanja njene suštine. Zato predmet operatike predstavlja (1) kompleks aktuelnih i međusobno srodnih problema sa kojima se čovek susreće tokom pripreme i izvođenja borbenih dejstava u okviru operacije i pokušaja saznavanja suštine operacije kao pojma i (2) kompleks jezičkih, metodoloških, istorijskih, normativnih i drugih problema aktuelne konstituisanosti operatike kao nauke. Naučna konstituisanost operatike uslovljena je konstituisanošću nauke odbrane. Ta činjenica je posledica prisutnosti određenih konstituenasa nauke odbrane, kao neposredno višeg entiteta, u sferi operatike (jezik, metod, filozofske pretpostavke). Analiza konstituisanosti nauke, strogo naučno gledano, ukazuje na to da je operatika naučna disciplina nauke odbrane u fazi prerastanja u nauku i saznajnog konstituisanja u naučnom smislu, jer nije u potpunosti ispunila sve neophodne i relativno strože zahteve za svoje konstituisanje kao naučne oblasti. Međutim, perspektivno gledano, ona se sa pravom može definisati kao samostalna nauka odbrane. Time joj se otvaraju bolje perspektive za samostalan i brži razvoj u sistemu nauka odbrane.
Abstract
The level of scientifically based development of the operational art is an important matter for the assessment of its current state and basic orientation for its future scientific treatment and development within the defense sciences. The level of scientifically based development is the level of its scientifically based development in general, its subject (object), theory, language and method. The weakness in its scientific foundation is for the most part a consequence of insufficient scientifically based development of its constituents. The development of the constituents in science, and therefore in operational art, is based on strong logical and methodological general determinations. The historic role and the significance of operational art in considerations define the characterization of an operation as an object of operational art. Within an operation, as a phenomenon, various problems of practical human activity can be perceived, either in the preparation and execution of an operation or in an attempt to comprehend its essence. That is why the object of operational art is (1) a complex mix of current and mutually related problems, which one encounters while preparing and executing combat activities within an operation, and of attempts to understand the essence of the operation as a concept, and (2) a complex mix of linguistic, methodological, historical, normative and other problems of the operational art being actually constituted as a science. The level of scientifically based development of operational art is preconditioned by constituted ness of defense science. This fact results from the presence of certain constituents of defense science, as an immediately superior entity, in the area of operational art (language, method, philosophic assumptions). If considered strictly scientifically, an analysis of the constituted ness of a science shows that operational art is a scientific discipline of defense science undergoing a phase of turning into a science and cognitive constituting in a scientific sense, as it has not completely met all necessary and relatively strict requirements for its establishment as a scientific field. However, if considered prospectively, it can rightly be defined as an independent science of defense. In that way, better prospects for its independent and faster development in the system of defense science open up.
|