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2014, vol. 40, br. 3, str. 135-142
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Kvalitet aplikacije pesticida u kukuruzu i na strništu
Pesticide application quality in corn and stubble field
aUniverzitet u Novom Sadu, Poljoprivredni fakultet, Srbija bMendel university in Brno, Faculty of Horticulture, Department of Horticultural machinery, Lednice, Czech Republic
e-adresa: vladimir.visacki@polj.uns.ac.rs
Projekat: Unapređenje kvaliteta traktora i mobilnih sistema u cilju povećanja konkurentnosti, očuvanja zemljišta i životne sredine (MPNTR - 31046)
Keywords: quality of applications; water-sensitive paper; the norm; nozzles; analysis
Sažetak
Uprkos kritikama upotrebe hemijskih sredstava za zaštitu bilja, farmer će nastaviti upotrebu i aplikaciju pesticida prskalicama. Ako nije moguće uticati u tolikoj meri na upotrebu hemijskih sredstava, može se povećati efikasnost aplikacije. Oduvek je postajala težnja da se na više različitih načina utvrdi kvalitet eksploatacije prskalice. To podrazumeva uticaj parametara rada na kvalitet depozicije pesticida, pokrivenost biljne mase i kvalitet spektra kapljica što zajendo čini efikasnost aplikacije pesticida sa stanovišta tehnike aplikacije pesticida. Verovatno brza a shodno tome i toliko pouzdana metoda kvaliteta aplikacije pesticida predstavlja upotreba vodo-senzitivnih papira. Vodosenzitivni papiri ili pločice su različite veličine i mogu biti veoma korisni za brz vizuelni pregled veličina kapljica od različitih tipova rasprskivača, gustine kapljica, distribucije tečnosti i visina penetracije u niže slojeve kod velike mase biljaka kao i gubitci na zemljištu. U ispitivanju kvaliteta aplikacije tri različita rasprskivača LU, IDK i IDKT sa uglom aplikacije od 120 o , pri normi od 220 l/ha, korišćen je vodosenzitivni papir. Vodosenzitivni papir je skeniran i analiziran u programu DepositScan.
Abstract
Despite criticism of using pesticides, farmers will continue to use and do pesticide application with sprayers. If not possible to affect so much on use of chemical substances, then may increase the efficiency of application. Always was tendency to determines on more different ways quality of sprayers application which includes the effect of working parameters on the quality of pesticides deposition, coverage and quality of application on plant mass, spectrum of droplets which together account for the effectiveness of pesticide applications from the standpoint of pesticide application techniques. Probably fast and consequently so reliable method of quality pesticide application represents the use of water-sensitive paper. Water-sensitive papers or plates are in different sizes and can be very useful for quick visual inspection of the droplet size of different types of nozzles, droplet density, distribution and amount of fluid penetration into the lower layers with large plants masses as well as losses on the land. Water-sensitive paper was use in examining the quality of the application of three different nozzles, LU, IDK and IDKT, with an angle of applications at 120 o , with norm of 220 l/ha. Water sensitive paper was scanned and analyzed in the program DepositScan.
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