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2019, vol. 67, br. 4, str. 790-805
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Simulacija evakuacije iz Terazijskog tunela
Simulation of evacuation from the Terazije tunnel
Sažetak
Evakuacija predstavlja veoma kompleksan i težak zadatak koji implicira najbezbednije, najkraće i najbrže premeštanje ljudi, životinja i materijalnih dobara iz ugroženog objekta ili lokacije do sigurne lokacije. Različiti objekti, lokacije ili scenariji zahtevaju i podrazumevaju različite adekvatne evakuacione strategije. Jedan od veoma specifičnih objekata za evakuaciju je tunel za drumski saobraćaj. Zbog prisustva mnoštva vozila i ljudi na ograničenom prostoru, evakuacija tunela za drumski saobraćaj može biti ekstremno nepredvidiv i opasan zadatak, što potvrđuje veliki broj nesreća koji se desio. Takođe, postoje i druge okolnosti, kao što su potencijalno velika dužina tunela, brzo širenje dima (posebno CO2 i CO ) i vatre u zatvorenim prostorima, ograničene mogućnosti za pristup mestu nesreće i mnoge druge koje je često nemoguće predvideti. Jedan od veoma dobrih, ekonomičnih i sigurnih načina za predviđanje i analizu evakuacionih situacija i scenarija jeste upotreba simulacionog softvera. U radu je prikazana evakuacija iz tunela za drumski saobraćaj na Terazijama u Beogradu, za različite scenarije i različite brzine učesnika.
Abstract
Evacuation presents a very complex and difficult task that implies the safest, shortest and fastest convoying of people, animals and material resources from an endangered object or location to a secure location. Different objects, different locations and different scenarios demand different evacuation strategies. One of very specific objects for evacuation is a road traffic tunnel. Because of the presence of a number of vehicles and people within limited space, road traffic tunnel evacuation can be an extremely unpredictable and dangerous task, which has already been confirmed by many accidents. There are also other aggravating circumstances such as tunnel length, fast spreading of smoke (especially of CO2 - carbon dioxide and COcarbon monoxide) and fire in closed areas, limited options for approach to the accident place and many others, very often impossible to predict. One of very good, economical and safe ways for the prediction and analysis of evacuation situations and scenarios is the usage of simulation software. This paper has been written to show a simulation of evacuation from the road traffic tunnel at Terazije in Belgrade for different scenarios and for different speeds of participants.
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