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2021, vol. 18, br. 3, str. 1-20
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Ekonomski efekti pandemije korona virusa na turizam i ugostiteljstvo
Economic effects of the coronavirus pandemic on tourism and hospitality
Sažetak
Pandemija korona virusa uzrokovala je probleme bez presedana, kako na ekonomskom, tako i organizacionom, zdravstvenom i socijalnom planu. Među najviše pogođenim industrijama su turizam i ugostiteljstvo. Uvođenje karantina, nemogućnost putovanja i organičenje kretanja, kao i pad ineresovanja, doveli su do enormnih finansijskih gubitaka hotela i restorana širom sveta, i viškova zaposlenih. Veza između turističkih organizacija, prevoznika i hotela iznenada je prekinuta, tako da je propala cela turistička sezona u 2020. godini. Kada se pogledaju pretpostavke o oporavku turističke industrije, očigledno je da situacija nije dobra, čak je poražavajuća. Prekinut je višegodišnji trend napretka i razvoja, koji je donosio velike prihode i zapošljavao milione ljudi širom sveta. Povratak na nivo iz 2019. godine neće biti moguć bar godinu-dve, pa se pominju različiti scenariji, od umerenih do pesimističnih. U tom smislu, najveći gubitak predstavljaće otpuštanje više od 100 miliona zaposlenih u sektoru širom sveta, kao i veliki gubici avio-kompanija i prevoznika. Budući da su gubici skoro nenadoknadivi, agencije, hoteli, restorani, avio-kompanije i turoperatori tražili su pomoć svojih vlada, kako bi se donekle prevazišlo katastrofalno stanje. Najpre je ponuđena pomoć avio-kompanijama u Americi i Evropi, kasnije i u Aziji (Južna Koreja, Singapur, Malezija). Kasnije, sa očiglednim proširenjem trajanja pandemije, vlade su počele razmišljaju o potrebi obezbeđenja sredstava za finansijsku konsolidaciju hotela, restorana i turoperatora. TA podrška je različita od zemlje do zemlje, od kompanije do kompanije.
Abstract
The coronavirus pandemic has caused unprecedented problems, both economically and organizationally, healthily and socially. Among the most affected industries are tourism and hospitality. The introduction of quarantine, the inability to travel and the restriction of movement, as well as the decline in interest, have led to enormous financial losses for hotels and restaurants around the world, and redundancies. The connection between tourist organizations, carriers and hotels was suddenly severed, so that the entire tourist season in 2020 failed. When you look at the assumptions about the recovery of the tourism industry, it is obvious that the situation is not good, it is even devastating. The multi-year trend of progress and development, which brought in large incomes and employed millions of people around the world, was interrupted. It will not be possible to return to the level from 2019 for at least a year or two, so different scenarios are mentioned, from moderate to pessimistic. In that sense, the biggest loss will be the dismissal of more than 100 million employees in the sector worldwide, as well as the large losses of airlines and carriers. Since the losses are almost irreparable, agencies, hotels, restaurants, airlines and tour operators have sought the help of their governments, in order to overcome the catastrophic situation to some extent. First, assistance was offered to airlines in America and Europe, and later in Asia (South Korea, Singapore, Malaysia). Later, with the apparent extension of the pandemic, governments began to consider the need to provide funds for the financial consolidation of hotels, restaurants and tour operators. That support varies from country to country, from company to company.
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