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Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry
2018, vol. 34, br. 4, str. 469-480
Uticaj klimatskih uslova na kontaminaciju zrna kukuruza sa aflatoksinom B1 i fumonizinima i njihova združena pojava
Obradović Anaa ORCID, Krnjaja Vesnab ORCID, Nikolić Milicaa ORCID, Delibašić Goranc ORCID, Filipović Milomira ORCID, Stanković Gorana ORCID, Stanković Slavicaa ORCID
aInstitut za kukuruz 'Zemun polje', Beograd-Zemun, Srbija
bInstitut za stočarstvo, Beograd-Zemun, Srbija
cUniverzitet u Beogradu, Poljoprivredni fakultet, Srbija

e-adresa: aobradovic@mrizp.rs
Projekat:
Redukcija toksigenih gljiva roda Fusarium i njihovih mikotoksina u proizvodnji zdravstveno bezbedne hrane na bazi žita (MPNTR - 31023)
Razvoj integrisanih sistema upravljanja štetnim organizmima u biljnoj proizvodnji sa ciljem prevazilaženja rezistentnosti i unapređenja kvaliteta i bezbednosti hrane (MPNTR - 46008)

Ključne reči: toksigene gljive; A. flavus; F. verticillioides; aflatoksin B1; fumonizini
Sažetak
Agroekološki i klimatski uslovi u Srbiji veoma su pogodni za razvoj toksigenih gljiva i njihovih mikotoksina u kukuruzu. Prisustvo toksigenih vrsta gljiva iz rodova Aspergillus i Fusarium, kao i nivoi aflatoksina B1 (AFB1) i ukupnih fumonizina B1, B2 i B3 (FBs) utvrđeni su u 127 uzoraka zrna kukuruza iz berbe tokom 2012 (37 uzoraka) i 2013. godine (90 uzoraka). U fenofazama svilanja i nalivanja zrna kukuruza u 2012. u odnosu na 2013. godinu zapaženi su ekstremno sušni periodi sa visokim temperaturama i niskim količinama padavina. Prosečne vrednosti za učestalost vrsta A. flavus i F. verticillioides bile su 50,4 i 11,7% u 2012., odnosno 18,9 i 33,4% u 2013. godini. Prema pravilniku Svetske zdravstvene organizacije (WHO) nedozvoljeni nivoi AFB1 (>20 µg/kg) i FBs (>2000 µg/kg) utvrđeni su u 30,6% i 24,1% uzoraka u 2012., odnosno u 16,7% i 40% uzoraka u 2013. godini. Na osnovu dobijenih rezultata zaključeno je da su visoke temperature i niske količine padavina u 2012. godini uslovile značajno veću učestalost A. flavus i visoku produkciju AFB1 u poredjenju sa vrstom F. verticillioides i produkcijom FBs. U obe ispitivane godine (2012-2013), između učestalosti A. flavus i F. verticillioides nije ustanovljena pozitivna korelacija, dok je statistički značajna pozitivna korelacija ustanovljena između nivoa AFB1 i FBs. Ovo ukazuje da produkcija mikotoksina je više zavisna od vremenskih uslova u odnosu na distribuciju toksigenih vrsta gljiva.
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O članku

jezik rada: engleski
vrsta rada: izvorni naučni članak
DOI: 10.2298/BAH1804469O
objavljen u SCIndeksu: 12.05.2019.
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