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2011, vol. 48, br. 1, str. 233-238
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Reči koje označavaju bob (Vicia faba) u Eevropskim jezicima
Words denoting faba bean (Vicia faba) in European languages
Sažetak
Bob (Vicia faba L) je uzeo učešća u tzv. poljoprivrednoj revoluciji Evrope nakon poslednjeg ledenog doba zajedno sa ostalim zrnenim mahunarkama i strninama. U cilju utvrđivanja raznolikosti i porekla reči koje označavaju bob u evropskim jezicima, izvršeno je leksikološko istraživanje sa naglaskom na etimološkim rečnicima. Reči u skoro svim savremenim indoevropskim jezicima Evrope vode poreklo od praindoevropskog korena *bhabh-, bhabhā, koji takođe označava bob. Praaltajski koren *bŭkrV, koji označava grašak, orah i šišarku kroz pratursko *burčak, koje označava grašak i bob, dao je reči u nekim savremenim altajskim jezicima Evrope, dok se u ostalim radi o pozajmicama iz arapskog. Poreklo reči u savremenim kavkaskim jezicima nalazi se u prakavkaskom korenu *howł[ā], značenja bob i sočivo. Reči u uralskim jezicima su pozajmice, uglavnom iz slovenskih jezika, ili izvedene iz izvornih uralskih reči koje označavaju grašak.
Abstract
Faba bean (Vicia faba L) took part in the 'agricultural revolution' of post-glacial Europe along with other grain legumes and cereals. In order to assess the diversity and the origin of the words denoting faba bean in the languages of Europe, a lexicological study was carried out with emphasis upon etymological dictionaries. The words in almost all modern Indo-European languages in Europe owe their origin to the Proto-Indo-European root *bhabh bhabhā, also denoting faba bean. The Proto-Altaic root *bŭkrV, denoting pea nut and cone, through the Proto-Turkic *burčak, denoting both pea and bean is responsible for the words in several modern Altaic languages of Europe while the others are borrowings from Arabic. The origin of the words in modern Caucasian languages is the Proto-Caucasian root *howł[ā], meaning both bean and lentil. The words in Uralic languages are either borrowings, mostly from Slavic, or derived from their own words denoting pea.
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