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2017, vol. 21, iss. 2, pp. 118-123
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The possibilities of wheat roller milling optimization using the response surface methodology
Mogućnost optimizacije mlevenja pšenice mlinskim valjcima primenom metode odzivne površine
aUniversity of Novi Sad, Faculty of Technology, Serbia bInstitute for Food Technology, Novi Sad, Serbia
email: fistes@uns.ac.rs
Project: Development of the new functional confectionery products based on oil crops (MESTD - 31014)
Abstract
Roller mills are one of the most frequently used grinding machines especially for cereal milling. Magnitude and type of the forces acting on particle depend on the set of roll parameters. Particle size distribution (PSD) resulting from milling a particular feed size critically depends on the ratio of roll-gap to input particle size. Box-Behnken experimental design was applied in order to optimize roll-gap adjustments and desired PSD of the milling output obtained by subsequent grinding of wheat on three pair of rollers. Adequate models, which allow the optimization of the milling process, were obtained by regression analysis. Values that define the PSD of the output, i.e. weight fractions of the milling output size fractions, were set to minimum, maximum or values within a certain interval. The examples of optimization which set the roll-gap values to ensure the desired PSD of the output, were obtained with a high level of desirability.
Sažetak
Mlinski valjci predstavljaju jedan od najčešće korišćenih uređaja za mlevenje žitarica. Najpoznatiji primer primene mlinskih valjaka predstavlja tehnološki postupak mlevenja pšenice. Takođe, njihova primena za mlevenje žitarica i drugih komponenti za potrebe proizvodnje hrane za životinje dobija sve više na značaju. Mlevni prostor formira par valjaka koji se, pri relativnom malom razmaku, obrću jedan prema drugom različitim obimnim brzinama. Na efekte usitnjavanja mlinskim valjcima utiču strukturno-mehanička svojstva usitnjavanog materijala i parametri usitnjavanja (razmak između valjaka, obimne brzine valjaka, prenosni odnos, karateristike radne površine i dr.) koji određuju intenzitet i karakter sila deformacije koje deluju na čestice. Geometrijski i kinematički parametri usitnjavanja nisu operativni u pogonskim uslovima. U toku rada može se menjati razmak između valjaka, a u užem opsegu i specifično opterećenje valjaka. Promenom razmaka između valjaka povećavaju se sile sabijanja materijala u mlevnom prostoru i odnos sila smicanja i sabijanja. Odnos između dimenzije čestice koja se usitnjava i razmaka između valjaka presudno utiče na stepen usitnjenosti mliva. U radu je primenjen Box-Behnken eksperimentalni dizajn pri optimizaciji mlevenja pšenice višestrukim usitnjavanjem na mlinskim valjcima (tri para valjaka) i to u smislu usklađivanja razmaka između valjaka i željene raspodele veličina čestica mliva. Primenom metode regresione analize dobijeni su adekvatni modeli koji omogućavaju optimizaciju. U radu su navedeni primeri optimizacije koji sa visokim nivoom zadovoljenja daju vrednosti za razmake između parova valjaka pri kojima se ostvaruje željena raspodela veličina čestica izražena preko prinosa pojedinih frakcija mliva, koji su, u zavisnosti od primera, postavljeni na minimalnu, maksimalnu ili vrednost u okviru nekog intervala.
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