This paper presents a synthesis of the author's efforts to treat the issue of punishing juveniles from both normative and practical aspects. At both levels it s necessary to determine the actual situation in the legislative sphere and penitentiary institutions. These issues have been raised following the adoption of the Law on Juvenile Offenders and Criminal Protection of Minors within which the subject matter of juveniles outstrips the scope of general criminal law. As regards juvenile prison sentences, it is important to refer to the provisions of the Law on Juvenile Justice, which regulate their execution. In addition, it is necessary to point out the possibility of applying the relevant provisions of the Law on Execution of Criminal Sanctions. After many years of experience in the implementation of the new Law on Juvenile Justice (entered into force on 1 January 2006) it is important to point out the extent to which its executive regulations found their place in practical application. This paper will present the experiences of the author gained through many years of dealing with juvenile matters, with particular focus on the execution of juvenile prison. The observations and conclusions of the author would amount to taking into account the need to protect the identities of juvenile convicts.