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2009, vol. 56, br. 1, str. 41-53
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Ekonomski efekti navodnjavanja u biljnoj proizvodnji
Economics effects of irrigation in plant production
aNjujorška akademija nauka, Novi Sad bNaučni institut za ratarstvo i povrtarstvo, Novi Sad cUniverzitet u Novom Sadu, Poljoprivredni fakultet
e-adresa: bksenija@eunet.rs
Sažetak
Navodnjavanje ima veliki uticaj na povećanje prinosa, proizvodnje i intenziviranje poljoprivredne proizvodnje. Pored povećanja prinosa u ratarskoj proizvodnji, posebno kod industrijskog bilja, intenzivira se poljoprivredna proizvodnja gajenjem povrća, semena i krmnog bilja i povećava profitabilnost u poslovanju. Prinosi ratarskih useva u sistemu navodnjavanja su dva puta veći u odnosu na prinose u suvom ratarenju. Prihod i profit u sistemu za navodnjavanje je za dva puta veći u odnosu na suvo ratarenje. Ekonomičnost proizvodnje u sistemu navodnjavanja je povećana sa 1,03 na 1,18, rentabilnost proizvodnje sa 3 na 18,4% , a produktivnost rada u proizvodnji ratarskih useva je veća za 2,2 puta. Znači, da je investiranje u navodnjavanje doprinosi proizvodnji kvalitetne, ekonomičnije rentabilnije i profitabilnije hrane.
Abstract
Irrigation contributes to increased agricultural yields and production volume and intensified agricultural production. Field crops double their yields in irrigation. Production value of irrigated field crops is increased 2.06 times compared with dry farming. Profit per hectare of irrigated field crops is increased 2.01 times. The economy of field crop production increases from 1.03 in dry farming to 1.18 in irrigation. Profitability of field crop production increases from 3% in dry farming to 18.4% in irrigation. Productivity of production of irrigated field crops increases 1.6 times for wheat, 2.4 times for corn, 1.9 times for sugar beet, 2.4 times for sunflower and 2.7 times for soybean (yield/work hour). High economy of production is achieved in vegetable production, amounting to 2. Profitability is increased by 75%. Profit per hectare of irrigated vegetable crops exceeds that of irrigated field crops. Investments in irrigation result in higher volume and quality of food production, more economic and profitable production, and higher incomes and profits. Irrigation has a decisive impact on yield performance, production and economic results and further development of market-oriented, certified organic production of high quality produce.
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