On the one hand, during its recent history Serbia has undergone many transitional processes of historical proportions, and on the other hand, all those processes have been connected to security challenges and conflict circumstances both regional and world ones. The First and Second World War, the period of the Cold War and Bloc confrontation, the time of the state and socialist ideology failure, the circumstances of the civil war and secession, the security challenges of the Kosovo separatism, and terrorism lately - represent historical, political and security circumstances that few states have faced. All transitional processes, from capitalism to communism, then reversible processes of ethnification of politics, particularly transitional process to democracy and the European Union have unambiguous geostrategic aspect. All transitional theories, which have regraded to transitory ideology of globalism have neglected geostrategic position as an important determinant of successful transitional results. Therefore this paper is dedicated to historical and security aspects of new historical changes that have happened in Serbia: geostrategic plane of the Balkans and Serbia has turned out to be the main barrier to social changes and total development.