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2011, vol. 53, br. 1, str. 116-139
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Amnestija u nacionalnom i međunarodnom krivičnom pravu
Amnesty under international criminal law
Policijska akademija, Beograd
Projekat: Razvoj institucionalnih kapaciteta, standarda i procedura za suprotstavljanje organizovanom kriminalu i terorizmu u uslovima međunarodnih integracija (MPNTR - 179045)
Sažetak
Međunarodna zajednica je u poslednjih nekoliko decenija intenzivirala napore da kreira mehanizme za gonjenje i kažnjavanje učinilaca teških krivičnih dela. U radu se razmatra odnos Međunarodnog krivičnog suda prema amnestijama datim za međunarodna krivična dela u unutrašnjem zakonodavstvu. Analiziraju se pojedini slučajevi amnestija koji su bili aktuelni, uglavnom pre stupanja na snagu Rimskog statuta. Najčešće su države pružale amnestije posle okončanja unutrašnjih (građanskih) sukoba, radi zaštite lica koja su učinila teška krivična dela. Amnestije za međunarodna krivična dela predstavljaju delikatno pitanje koje nije jasno određeno u Rimskom statutu. Zbog toga autor odgovarajuću pažnju posvećuje analizi pojedinih odredbi Rimskog statuta koje omogućavaju Međunarodnom krivičnom sudu da reaguje i preuzme nadležnost i u takvim situacijama. Poseban deo rada posvećen je razmatranju opravdanosti i celishodnosti amnestija za međunarodna krivična dela.
Abstract
In the last few decades, the international community has increased efforts to create instruments for prosecution and punishment of the perpetrators of serious crimes. In this paper, the author is dealing with the treatment of amnesty granted for international crimes within a national jurisdiction by the International Criminal Court. Some particular cases of amnesty prevalent at the time before the adoption of the Rome Statute are discussed. Generally, amnesty was granted by the state in the aftermath of an internal (civil) conflict in order to protect those who had committed the most serious crimes. Amnesty for serious international crimes is a delicate issue which is not clearly defined in the Rome Statute. Therefore, the author pays special attention to some provisions of the Rome Statute which enable the International Criminal Court to react and to assume jurisdiction. A special part of the paper is dedicated to discussion on justification and appropriateness of amnesty for international crimes.
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