2014, vol. 12, br. 3, str. 251-260
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Povezanost antropometrijskih karakteristika sa motorikom sedmogodišnjih devojčica
The correlation between anthropometric characteristics and motor abilities in seven-year-old girls
Sažetak
Cilj istraživanja bio je da se da se utvrdi da li postoji povezanost antropometrijskih karakteristika i motorike kod normalno i prekomerno uhranjenih devojčica uzrasta sedam godina. Ukupan uzorak činilo je 75 devojčica prvog razreda osnovnih škola grada Niša, koje su na osnovu vrednosti BMI bile klasifikovane u grupu normalno uhranjenih (N=47) i prekomeno uhranjenih (N=28) ispitanica. Antropometrijske karakteristike utvrđene su meremjem 16 parametara longitudinalnih, transverzalnih, cirkularnih dimenzija i mase tela, a potkožno masno tkivo merenjem debljine kožnih nabora. Za procenu motorike (eksplozivne snage, koordinacije i brzine) primenjena je baterija od devet testova. Povezanost antropometrijskih karakteristika i motorike utvrđena je primenom kanoničke korelacione analize. Dobijeni rezultati ukazuju da su relacije statistički značajne samo u grupi prekomrno uhranjenih ispitanica (p=0.00) i definisane sa tri para kanoničkih faktora. Rezultati faktorske strukture antropometrijskih karakteristika i motorike kod prekomerno uhranjenih ispitanica ukazuju da voluminoznost tela i potkožno masno tkivo otežavaju realizaciju motoričkih zadataka u kojima se zahteva podizanje i prenošenje telesne mase u prostoru, dok veće vrednosti parametara longitudinalnih dimenzija doprinose boljim performansama eksplozivne snage ruku i nogu, ali narušavaju koordinaciju pokreta.
Abstract
The aim of this research was to determine whether there is a connection between anthropometric characteristics and motor abilities in normal and overweight seven-year-old girls. The sample consisted of 75 first grade female elementary school students in the town of Niš, which were classified based on their BMI values as belonging to a normal weight group (N = 47) and overweight group (N = 28). The anthropometric characteristics were determined by measuring 16 parameters of longitudinal, transversal, circular dimensionality and body mass, and subcutaneous fatty tissue by measuring skin fold thickness. For the assessment of motor abilities (explosive strength, coordination and speed), a battery of nine tests was applied. Relations between anthropometric characteristics and motor abilities were assessed by a canonical correlation analysis. The results indicate that the correlations were statistically significant only in the group of overweight children (p = 0.00), and defined by three pairs of canonical factors. The factors of the canonical correlation between anthropometric characteristics and motor abilities in the group of overweight girls indicate that body voluminosity and subcutaneous fatty tissue hinder the realization of motor tasks that require lifting or transferring body mass, while higher parameter values of longitudinal dimensionality contribute to the better performance in the explosive strength of arms and legs, but impair coordination.
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