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2014, vol. 3, br. 1, str. 41-70
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Ontološki i gnoseološki pogledi sufija u svjetlu metafizičke i teozofske tradicije
Ontological and gnoseological viewpoints of sufis in the light of metaphysical and theosophical traditions
Sažetak
U radu se razmatraju koncepti sufija koji se tiču metafizičke i teozofske problematike. Oni pokazuju da je veliki dio teozofske i metafizičke tradicije u islamskom filozofskom mišljenju inspiriran korijenskim konceptima u formativnom periodu sufizma koji su plod transkripcije mističkog iskustva. Radi se o promišljanju naravi ljubavi i spoznaje u pjesmama Rabije al-'Adevije, Haladža, Zun-Nuna, Muhasibija i drugih sufija. Pogledi sufija o naravi spoznaje i ljubavi bit će produbljivani kod kasnijih filozofa i teozofa koji će se smatrati pokretačima različitih filozofskih tokova, kao što su, na primjer, filozofija svjetlosti, filozofski intuicizam i visoka teozofija. Stoga se u radu nastoji pokazati unutarnja veza između učenja sufija i filozofa mistika, kao što su, između ostalih: Ibn Sina, al-Gazali, Šihabudin Jahja Suhravardi i Ibn Arabi, koji će stvoriti obimnu metafizičku i teozofsku literaturu. Zaslugom ovih filozofa, kao i mnogih drugih, sufizam se spaja sa filozofijom ili, tačnije, on stvara svoju filozofiju koja, bez sumnje, zavređuje vlastitost načinom na koji se prilazi problemu spoznaje i stvarnosti ili bitku.
Abstract
This paper discusses the sufi concepts which tackle metaphysical and theosophical issues. They imply that a great part of theosophical and metaphysical traditions within Islamic philosophical thought is inspired by original concepts dating from the formative period of sufism. Those concepts were the result of transcribing a mystical experience. Their essence can be best described as a reflection on the nature of love and realization in poems by Rabia el-'Adeviye, Hallaj, Dhul-Nun, Muhasibi and other sufis. Sufis' views on the nature of comprehension and love are more profound in later philosophers and theosophists to be deemed initiators of various philosophical notions such as, for example, philosophy of light, philosophical intuitionism and high theosophy. Hence in this paper we aim to illustrate the internal connection between teachings of the following sufis and philosophers-mystics: Ibn Sina, al-Ghazali, Shihabuddin Yahya Suhrawardi and Ibn Arabi among others, and this will create a substantial metaphysical and theosophical reference work. Owing to these (and many other) philosophers, sufism is joined with philosophy or, more precisely, it creates its philosophy which undoubtedly deserves its own entity by means of its approach to the issue of realization and reality or to the being.
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