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2020, br. 81-82, str. 159-174
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Lovci u Europi - što znači "lovačka populacija" u Europi?
Hunters in Europe: What does it mean "the hunters population" in Europe?
aCroatian Forest Research Institute, Department of Forest Management and Forestry Economics, Varaždin, Croatia bUniversity of West Hungary, Faculty of Forestry Sopron, Sopron, Hungary cUniversity of Zagreb, Faculty of Forestry Zagreb, Department of Forest Protection and Hunting Management, Zagreb, Croatia
e-adresa: benkom@sumins.hr
Sažetak
Najkompetentniji članovi ljudske zajednice koji mogu na održiv način da upravljaju divljim životinjama i divljači su svakako lovci. Za sprovođenje aktivnosti u lovu ključno je međusobno razumevanje i saradnja svih zainteresovanih strana i korisnika ekosistema. Lovci brinu o preživljavanju divljači, njihovom ukupnom lancu ishrane, njihovom razvoju i relativnom odnosu kako bi se izbeglo pogoršanje i favorizovanje određenih vrsta u odnosu na druge, povećavajući biološku raznolikost divljači i staništa koja naseljavaju. Najznačajnije promene u lovu na divljač dogodile su se kada je lov, od krajnje potrebe za preživljavanjem i osiguranja hrane za opstanak plemena, porodice i ljudske rase, prerastao u neku vrstu zabave i hobija. Gledajući sa današnjeg aspekta i vremena u kojem živi razvijena populacija u Evropi, postavlja se sledeće pitanje: da li je lov samo zabava, to jest koliko lovačkih krugova pokušava da ga predstavi i sve to na štetu životinja. Ovo istraživanje uključuje primenu osnovnih metoda analize dokumenata i postojećih izveštaja vezanih za brojnost lovaca u Evropi. U jugoistočnoj Evropi, predstavljeni podaci i dobijeni međusobni odnosi u deset posmatranih zemalja ne razlikuju se znatno od evropskih podataka. Iako je bruto domaći proizvod u tim zemljama znatno niži, lovne aktivnosti su itekako prisutne, a resursi divljači veoma su atraktivni za još veći razvoj lovnog turizma.
Abstract
According to FACE (The European Federation of Associations for Hunting) approximately 7 million hunters are registered in Europe. Throughout the year they work in nature, in the hunting ground, or organize work of supporting teams and individuals on development of habitats with different kinds of animals, of which only some are hunted or listed as game. By using methods of positive selection and care in order to increase quality and quantity of the habitat itself, is maintained and permanently increased biological diversity of plant populations and whole ecosystem same as animal populations, including game. Disappearance of certain animal species in certain parts of Europe surely is not caused by game management, but is a result of rapid urbanization and development of urban and rural areas with all the supporting infrastructure. Human overpopulation parallel brought to reduction of habitat areas for numerous animal and game species. It's therefore required to establish balance between humans and other beings on a certain space, which therefore requires good management. The most competent members of human community which can manage wild animals and game in the most competent way are certainly hunters. In every community mutual understanding and cooperation of all other stakeholders and ecosystem beneficiaries is key. We should not forget that a human is part of natural ecosystem and a hunter is the most competent person who understands habits and life of game animals and therefore can manage it in the best way. Due to this reason game, hunter and hunters population take care of the game animals survival, their overall food chain their development and relative relationship in order to avoid deterioration and favoring of certain species over the other, increasing biological diversity of game animals and habitat which they inhabit; of overall and particular individual health state, of active and passive protection defining and implementing regulations important for behavior and management, on the basis of good management and good will in this way actively and significantly contributing to development of environmental protection.
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