2000, vol. 5, br. 2, str. 21-31
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Sistemsko-strukturalni metod u kriminalističkoj obradi
The system-structural method in criminology processing
Policijska akademija, Beograd
Sažetak
Kriminalistika kao multidisciplinarna nauka preuzima metode iz drugih, kako prirodnih tako i tehničkih, a posebno društvenih nauka i naučnih disciplina. Tako preuzete metode kriminalistika obrađuje i prilagođava, pre svega, potrebama krivičnog postupka. Često se događa da ovako prerađene metode funkcionišu kao 'nove'. Jedna od takvih je i teorija sistema, koja je poslednjih decenija postala nosilac savremene kriminalističke misli. Polazni princip sistemsko-strukturalnog istraživanja jeste predstava o celini sistema. Primećuje se kada po stane jasno da sistem ima integrativna svojstva koja ne karakterišu njegove elemente kada se oni javljaju van tog sistema. Ponašanje i svojstva sistema određuju se međusobnim delovanjem podsistema. Celovitost i integrativnost svojstva objekata istraživanja su kompleksi uzajamno delujućih elemenata što i čini sistemsko-strukturalni metod tako prihvatljivim. Bez obzira što je izvanredno pogodan, sistemsko-struktuaralni metod se kod nas vrlo malo skoro nikako ne primenjuje na području kriminalističke obrade i ako u prilog njegove primene ima više razloga.
Abstract
Criminology as a multidisciplinary science takes over the methods of some other, either natural or technical disciplines, especially social sciences and scientific disciplines. However, it does not mean that such a process is a mechanical one. On the whole, criminology processes and adapts such methods to the needs of the criminal charges. In many cases completely new methods are formed. That is why a theory of system has become an advocate of the contemporary criminology thought. Whether they were aware of it or not the criminologists had adopted that method even before. They proceeded from the fact that a part of the totality was a part of the system at the same time. This method is used even now disregarding unnecessary knowing and exactness of its meaning. Among other things, one of the characteristics of the system-structural method is the completeness. A bunch of the people around the drunkard is not the same as the drunkard himself. Therefore, it is not only a simple arithmetic sum that is in question. On the contrary the system represents one new integral hierarchy part of the entirety. The researched objects consist of parts, elements and components. The conduct and the characteristics of the system are fixed by mutual acting of the subsystems. The totality and integrity of the characteristics of the objects researched are represented by the complexes of the mutually acting elements. That is why such a system-structural method is acceptable so often. The starting principle of the system-structural research is an idea of the system as a totality. The research is applied in the moment when it becomes clear that the system has the integrative characteristics. Those characteristics cannot be applied for the elements when they appear out of the system itself.
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