2021, vol. 93, br. 2, str. 435-456
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(Ne)zakoniti dokazi u krivičnom postupku u praksi Vrhovnog kasacionog suda u 2019. i 2020. godini
(Il)Legal evidence in criminal procedures in the case law of the Supreme Court of Cassation in 2019 and 2020
Sažetak
Zakonik o krivičnom postupku propisuje da se nezakoniti dokazi ne mogu koristiti u krivičnom postupku, odnosno da se sudske odluke ne mogu zasnivati na njima, osim u postupku koji se vodi zbog pribavljanja takvih dokaza. Propisano je da se nezakoniti dokazi izdvajaju iz spisa predmeta, a ukoliko se sudska odluka ipak zasniva na njima, postoji mogućnost njenog osporavanja u žalbi i u zahtevu za zaštitu zakonitosti. I pored naizgled jasnog zakonskog određenja nezakonitog dokaza i posledica njegove pojave i upotrebe u krivičnom postupku, u praksi postoje određene nedoumice. Kako bi se utvrdilo koje nepravilnosti u prikupljanju i izvođenju čine dokaz nezakonitim i kakvo je dejstvo njegove pojave i upotrebe u krivičnom postuku, u radu su analizirane odluke Vrhovnog kasacionog suda, u periodu od 1. 1. 2019. do 31. 12. 2020, povodom zahteva za zaštitu zakonitosti izjavljenih u vezi sa nezakonitim dokazima.
Abstract
The Criminal Procedure Code stipulates that court decisions may not be based on evidence which is, directly or indirectly, by itself or in the manner of obtaining it, contrary to the Constitution, this Code, other laws or the generally accepted rules of international law and ratified international treaties, except in proceedings conducted for the purpose of obtaining such evidence. Illegal evidence cannot be used in criminal proceedings and is therefore separated from the case file. If the judgment is based on illegal evidence, it can be challenged by the appeal against the judgment, but also by the request for the protection of legality. The subject of the paper is the analysis of the recent case law of the Supreme Court of Cassation (in the period from January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2020) regarding the requests for the protection of legality stated in connection with illegal evidence.
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