2014, vol. 66, iss. 4, pp. 20-31
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A proposal of the military operation cost model
Predlog modela cene koštanja vojne operacije
University of Defence, Military Academy, Belgrade
Abstract
The decision-making process requires necessary consideration of the costs of execution, expressed by the cost price. The cost price is always a limiting factor, but may also be a crucial one in the decision-making. In addition to the necessity of making an optimal decision on the use of forces in an operation for the purpose of achieving the desired final situation, it is very important to achieve the objective at as little cost as possible. Limited and generally insufficient resources represent a factor that imposes a constant need for cost-effective, rational and efficient use of the available resources. The paper presents a methodological approach to the estimate of a military operation cost price. Operations of the Armed Forces are directed at the military-strategic level, and planned and executed at the operational and tactical level. The military-strategic level considers military engagement in a campaign, which includes several operations for the purpose of reaching the identified military-strategic objectives and achieving the desired final situation. Considerations of the military involvement and the planning of military operations require a comprehensive analysis of all factors that affect the decision making. One of the factors to which special attention is addressed in the process of the operational planning is the operation cost. The model of operation cost estimate greatly helps reach a realistic operation cost.
Sažetak
Proces donošenja odluke zahteva neophodnost uvažavanja troškova izvršenja izraženih kroz cenu koštanja. Cena koštanja je uvek ograničavajući, a može biti i presudan faktor u donošenju odluka. Pored neophodnosti donošenja optimalne odluke o upotrebi snaga u operaciji radi dostizanja željenog krajnjeg stanja veoma je važno da se cilj ostvari i sa što manje troškova. Limitirana i, po pravilu, nedovoljna sredstva predstavljaju faktor koji nameće stalnu potrebu za ekonomičnim, racionalnim i efektivnim angažovanjem raspoloživih resursa. U radu je prikazan metodološki pristup proračuna cene koštanja vojne operacije. Operacije Vojske usmeravaju se na vojnostrategijskom nivou, a planiraju i izvode na operativnom i taktičkom nivou. Vojnostrategijski nivo razmatra vojno angažovanje u kampanji, koja objedinjuje više operacija radi ostvarenja identifikovanih vojnostrategijskih ciljeva i dostizanja željenog krajnjeg stanja. Razmatranje vojnog angažovanja, odnosno planiranje vojnih operacija, podrazumeva sveobuhvatnu analizu svih faktora koji utiču na donošenje odluke. Jedan od faktora kojem se u procesu operativnog planiranja posvećuje posebna pažnja je cena operacije. Da bi ona bila objektivna veliku ulogu ima razvijen model proračuna cene operacije.
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