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2023, vol. 27, br. 1, str. 8-12
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Primena esencijalnih ulja lavande i nane za poboljšanje osobina semena lucerke (Medicago sativa L.)
Application of lavender and mint essential oils for improvement of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) seed properties
aInstitut za kukuruz 'Zemun polje', Beograd-Zemun, Srbija bInstitut za zaštitu bilja i životnu sredinu, Beograd, Srbija
e-adresa: mtabakovic@mrizp.rs
Projekat: Ministarstvo prosvete, nauke i tehnološkog razvoja Republike Srbije (institucija: Institut za kukuruz 'Zemun polje', Beograd-Zemun) (MPNTR - 451-03-68/2020-14/200040)
Ministarstvo prosvete, nauke i tehnološkog razvoja Republike Srbije (institucija: Institut za zaštitu bilja i životnu sredinu, Beograd) (MPNTR - 451-03-68/2020-14/200010)
Sažetak
Održiv sistem uključuje korišćenje prirodnih resursa za zaštitu bilja, suzbijanje bolesti, štetočina i korova bez upotrebe sintetičkih hemikalija. Etarska ulja (EO) su dobro poznati metaboliti koji imaju potencijalnu primenu u poljoprivredi. Cilj studije je bio da se utvrdi značaj delovanja Eunamirovanje (dormantnost) semena lucerke (Medicago sativa L.).Za ogled je korišćen semenski material četiri sorte lucerke (Zaječarka-83, Banatska-VS, K-28, Novosadska H-11). Dva EO, lavande (Lavandula angustifolia Mill.) i pitome nane (Mentha piperita L.) primenjena su na semenu lucerke u četiri koncentracije: 1%, 0,5%, 0,2% i 0,02%, zajedno sa vodom kao kontrolom. Ulja pitome nane i lavande korišćena u eksperimentu su komercijalna ulja. Klijavost, dormantnost i mrtvo seme su procenjeni u laboratorijskim uslovima prema ISTA pravilima, u petrijevim posudama na filter papiru. Klijanje je testiran ou komori za klijanje. Rezultati su pokazali da vrsta EO nije imala značajan uticaj na klijanje semena, mirovanje i mrtvo seme. Koncentracija ulja je bila najznačajniji faktor koji je uticao na fiziološke karakteristike. Oba ulja u koncentracijama od 1% i 0,5% su inhibirala klijanje. Maksimalna klijavost od 91,66% je postignuta kod sorte Novosadska H-11 uz korišćenje ulja lavande u koncentraciji 0,02%, dok se mirovanje smanjilo. Sorte Zaječarka-83 i Banatska-VS su imali najviši nivo mrtvog i dormantnog semena, kada su tretirane uljem lavande i pitome nane u koncentraciji od 0,2%. Ova studija je pokazala da su oba EO u koncentraciji od 0,02% imala stimulativni efekat na klijavost semena, i istovremeno smanjila mirovanje semena, naglašavajući njihovu potencijalnu primenu za poboljšanje kvaliteta semena u organskoj poljoprivredi.
Abstract
Essential oils (EOs) are widely studied in agriculture. The study's objective was to examine the impact of EOs on alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) seed dormancy. The four different varieties of alfalfa were used for the experiment (Zaječarka-83, Banatska-VS, K-28, Novosadska H-11). Two essential oils, lavender (Lavandula angustifolia Mill.) and peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) were applied at four concentrations:1%, 0.5%, 0.2%, and 0.02%, along with water as a control. Germination, dormant seeds and dead seeds were evaluated in a laboratory setting according to ISTA rules. The type of EOs had no discernible influence on germinated seeds, dormancy, and dead seeds. Both EOs in concentrations of 1% and 0.5% inhibited seed germination. The maximum germination of 91.66% was achieved with the Novosadska H-11 variety using lavender oil at a concentration of 0.02%, with reduced dormancy. Varieties Zaječarka-83 and Banatska-VS had the highest level of dead and dormant seeds when lavender and peppermint EOs were applied at a concentration of 0.2%. This study showed that both EOs at a concentration of 0.02% had a stimulatory effect on seed germination, simultaneously reducing seed dormancy, emphasizing their potential use for seed quality improvement in organic farming.
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