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2022, vol. 24, br. 1, str. 59-92
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Implikacije pandemije Covid-19 na strane direktne investicije u evropskim tranzicionim ekonomijama
Implications of the Covid-19 pandemic on foreign direct investment in European transition economies
Sažetak
Početkom 2020. godine svet se suočio sa ozbiljnom krizom izazvanom pandemijom Covid-19, a primena restriktivnih mera u cilju sprečavanja i usporavanja širenja virusa uticala je negativno na ekonomske tokove, uključujući i strane direktne investicije (SDI). Efekti pandemije Covid-19 na globalne tokove SDI su bili razorni, što je rezultiralo velikim padom SDI. Tokovi ka evropskim tranzicionim zemljama su takođe bili pogođeni, ali manje u odnosu na svetski prosek. Očekuje se da će oporavak SDI od šoka 2020. godine biti dug i da će biti nemoguće da se vrati na strukturne i geografske obrasce pre pandemije. Imajući u vidu napred navedeno, cilj ovog rada je analiza dinamike SDI pre i tokom pandemije u evropskim tranzicionim zemljama kako bi se ispitao efekat Covid-19 na SDI. Rezultati istraživanja potvrđuju negativan uticaj pandemije na tokove SDI u evropskim tranzicionim ekonomijama, izuzev Crne Gore, Bugarske, Mađarske i Estonije gde je došlo do porasta priliva SDI.
Abstract
In early 2020, the world faced a serious crisis caused by the Covid-19 pandemic, and the application of restrictive measures to prevent and slow down the spread of the virus had a negative impact on economic flows, including foreign direct investment (FDI). The effects of the Covid-19 pandemic on global FDI flows have been devastating, resulting in a large drop in FDI. Flows to European transition countries have also been affected, but less than the world average. It is expected that the recovery of FDI from the shock of 2020 would be long and that it would be impossible to return to structural and geographical patterns before the pandemic. Having in mind the above, the aim of this paper was to analyze the dynamics of FDI before and during the pandemic in European transition countries in order to examine the effect of Covid-19 pandemic on FDI. The results of the research confirm the negative impact of the pandemic on the flows of FDI in European transition economies, except for Montenegro, Bulgaria, Hungary and Estonia, where an increase in the inflow of FDI was determined.
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