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2016, vol. 20, br. 2, str. 77-80
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Stabilnost morfoloških osobina semena kukuruza u različitim proizvodnim uslovima
Stability of morphological traits of maize seed under different production conditions
aInstitut za kukuruz 'Zemun polje', Beograd-Zemun, Srbija bInstitut za zaštitu bilja i životnu sredinu, Beograd, Srbija cAgricultural Institute Osijek, Osijek, Croatia dNaučni institut za ratarstvo i povrtarstvo, Novi Sad, Srbija
e-adresa: mtabakovic@mrizp.rs
Sažetak
U ovim istraživanja posmatrane su masa 1000 semena i randman semena, u odnosu na genotipsku kombinaciju i agroekološke uslove proizvodnje semena. Analize su rađene na hibridnom semenu četiri komercijalne hibridne kombinacije Instituta za kukuruz 'Zemun Polje', proizvedene na tri lokaliteta. U laboratorijskim uslovima, na radnom uzorku od 10x100 semena, izvršena su ispitivanja apsolutne mase semena, randman semena utvrđen je kao procentualni odnos mase semena i klipa. U trogodišnjem istraživanju najveća izmerena masa 1000 semena je kod hibrida ZP 434 (352,71 g) dok je ZP 704 hibrid sa najmanjom postignutom masom(280,09 g). Randman semena najveći je kod ZP 704 (60,53%), najmanji 48,20% kod ZP 434. Lokalitet sa najvećim variranjem mase bio je Turija (41,58%), a druga osobina najviše varijabilnosti u toku istraživanja bila je na lokalitetu Vrbas (28,13%). Eksperimentalni podaci obrađeni su na srednju vrednost i ukupnu varijabilnost (x i C.V.) za obe osobine semena i svaku varijantu istraživanja. Dvofaktorijalnom analizom varijanse utvrđen je uticaj faktora (hibrid i lokacija), kao i njihova interakcija na ispitivane osobine semena. Dobijeni rezultati pokazali su da sva četiri hibrida imaju visok nivo ispoljavanja obe osobine u svim posmatranim agroekološkim uslovima, kao i visok uticaj faktora (hibrid i lokacija) na masu semena i randman semena.
Abstract
The analyses were performed with the hybrid seeds of four hybrid combinations derived at the Maize Research Institute, Zemun Polje and produced in three locations. Under laboratory conditions, the following seed traits were analysed in the working sample of 10x100 seeds: seed test weight and shelling percentage, which was determined as the seed weight to ear weight ratio. In the three-year study, the greatest (352.71 g), i.e. smallest (280.09 g) test weight was recorded in the hybrids ZP 434 and ZP 704, respectively. The highest shelling percentage of 60.53 % was determined in the hybrid ZP 704, while the lowest one (48.20 %) was recorded the hybrid ZP 434. Obtained results point out that both traits in all four hybrids are highly expressed under all observed agro-ecological conditions and that effects of factors on the seed weight and the shelling percentage are great.
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