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Višekriterijumski pristup izboru optimalne investicione alternative uz softversku podršku
A multi-criteria approach to the selection of the optimal investment alternative with software support
aUniverzitet u Kragujevcu, Tehnički fakultet, Čačak, Srbija bTU Wien, Institute of Statistics and Mathematical Methods in Economics, Wien, Austria cUniverzitet Metropolitan, Beograd, Srbija
e-adresa: zoran.nesic@ftn.kg.ac.rs, dragana@fam.tuwien.ac.at, radomir.salic@metropolitan.ac.rs
Projekat: Ministarstvo prosvete, nauke i tehnološkog razvoja Republike Srbije (institucija: Univerzitet u Kragujevcu, Tehnički fakultet, Čačak) (MPNTR - 451-03-68/2020-14/200132)
Sažetak
U ovom radu su prikazane neke mogućnosti primene informacionih tehnologija u upravljanju investicijama. Rad se odnosi na izbor optimalne investicione alternative od niza upoređivanih, ocenjenih u sistemu različitih i raznorodnoh kriterijuma sa različitim zahtevima za ekstremizacijom sa različitim relativnim značajem. Analiza kriterijuma je izvršena sa aspekta proizvodnih kapaciteta, vrednosti investicije, potrebnog broja angažovanih radnika, interne stope rentabilnosti, investicionog održavanja kao i logističkog i tehnološkog nivoa. Izbor optimalne alternative je izvršen metodama višekriterijumskog odlučivanja uz razvijenu softversku podršku za tu namenu. Rezultati ukazuju na saglasnost optimalne alternative, odnosno ranga upoređivanih alternativa uporednom primenom dve metode višekriterijumskog odlučivanja. U radu je primenjena metoda kompromisnog programiranja i primenjen je modifikovan pristup Promethee metode višekriterijumskog odlučivanja koja omogućava analizu neograničenog broja različitih preferencijskih funkcija. Primena pojedinih preferencijskih funkcija je analizirana sa aspekta pojedinih primenjenih kriterijuma u ovom radu. Rad prikazuje opšte mogućnosti izbora investicionih alternativa sa više najznačajnijih aspekta, uz analizu preferencija pojedinih kriterijuma. Primenom prikazane metodologije omogućava se sofisticirani pristup analizi kriterijuma. Sa druge strane, za tu namenu razvijeno softversko rešenje omogućava jednostavnost i primenljivost u praktičnim uslovima korišćenja.
Abstract
This paper proposes some possibilities of implementing information technology in investment management. The paper deals with the choice of the optimal investment alternative out of a series of alternatives compared, evaluated in the system of different and heterogeneous criteria with different requirements for the extremization with different relative significance. The analysis of the criteria was performed from the aspect of production capacities, investment value, the required number of employees, the internal rate of return, investment maintenance, as well as the logistical and technological levels. The choice of the optimal alternative was made by the multicriteria decision-making methods with developed software support for this purpose. The results indicate the agreement of the optimal alternative, i.e. the rank of the compared alternatives, through the parallel application of the two multicriteria decision methods. The compromise programming method and a modified approach to the Promethee multicriteria decision-making method that allows the analysis of an unlimited number of different preferential functions are applied in the paper. The application of certain preferential functions is analyzed from the point of view of individual criteria applied in this paper. The paper presents the general options for choosing investment alternatives from several most significant aspects, with an analysis of the preferences of the individual criteria. The application of the presented methodology enables a sophisticated approach to criteria analysis. On the other hand, the software solution developed for this purpose enables simplicity and applicability in practical conditions of use.
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