2015, br. 33, str. 345-359
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Novi kapitalni zahtevi finansijskih institucija u Evropskoj uniji
New capital requirements for financial institutions in the European Union
Sažetak
Trenutna finansijska kriza je specifična po svojim globalnim okvirima. Primarni zadatak banaka i osiguravajućih društava je da prevaziđu uticaje krize, stabilizuju svoju poziciju na tržištu i ojačaju adekvatnost kapitala u skladu sa pravilima koje je postavila Evropska Unija. Projekti Bazel II i Bazel III treba da obezbede transparentnost bankarskog poslovanja, strožiji nadzor upravljanja rizicima i da ojačaju sopstveni kapital kako bi se povećala sposobnost banaka da se suoče sa gubicima u periodu krize. Projekat Solventnost II, razvijen je za osiguravajuće kompanije, s ciljem da se obezbedi finansijska stabilnost i zaštita interesa klijenata. U budućnosti, on treba da spreči ponavljanje kriznih situacija. Cilj ovog članka je da se ispita uticaj globalne recesije na razvoj finansijskog tržišta za odabrane subjekte i da se analizira proces usvajanja novih pravila u Evropskoj Uniji, koja u budućnosti treba da obezbede ekonomski prosperitet.
Abstract
Insurance companies are awaiting changes in setting new levels of capital requirements imposed by Solvency II, from about 2015. Various studies and stress testing have been made for the purposes of the impact of quantitative requirements of the new regulation on Slovak insurance companies. Results published by the NBS processed for the EIOPA have shown that Slovak insurance companies will be ready to adopt new rules. Similarly, banks are preparing for the new regulatory principles in order to face future crises. The role of the forthcoming Basel III project is to strengthen the monitoring of the banking sector and increase transparency behavior of banks. It sets a stricter control of risk management in relation to capital adequacy in order to improve their ability to absorb losses in times of crisis. Basel III rules will be implemented in stages, from about 2019. Among other measures, the bank should introduce higher capital adequacy ratio of 9 % of the share capital and create more bank capital and silencers, which will eliminate the negative effects of volatility in financial markets. The financial crisis has triggered the need to recruit radical socially beneficial reforms that would be otherwise in boom conditions at the time of economic optimism hardly passable. It has adjusted challenges for the recovery of the financial system, economies and adoption of changes, which, if they are implemented wisely, will contribute to the restoration of economic growth and lost confidence in financial markets.
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