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2023, vol. 40, br. 3, str. 1-18
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ChatGPT - još jedan korak bliže digitalnoj eri ili pretnja osnovnim pravima i slobodama?
ChatGPT: Another step towards the digital era or a threat to fundamental rights and freedoms?
aFrederick University, Department of Law, Nicosia, Cyprus bFrederick University, Department of Journalism, Communication and Mass Media, Nicosia, Cyprus
e-adresa: kkouroupis@protonmail.com
Sažetak
Veštačka inteligencija (AI) predstavlja jedan od najosnovnijih stubova za implementaciju Digitalne agende EU. Ona je u skladu sa nezadrživom aktuelnom tehnološkom revolucijom koja se očituje u širenju digitalizacije i u privatnom i u javnom sektoru. AI alati pružaju brojne usluge, kao što su brže donošenje odluka, izvršavanje više zadataka u isto vreme, dosadnih, ponavljajućih poslova umesto nas, kao i procenu rizičnih situacija. Rad stavlja poseban akcenat na ChatGPT koji se smatra najreprezentativnijim predstavnikom aktuelne AI tehnologije. Za neverovatno kratko vreme, koliko postoji, ovaj inovativni viralni chatbot je uveliko zavladao svetom veštačke inteligencije. Međutim, njegova upotreba pokreće ozbiljna pravna i etička pitanja vezana za našu privatnost i zaštitu osnovnih prava i sloboda, nastalih usled nedostatka obavezujućeg pravnog okvira koji reguliše sferu veštačke inteligencije. Iz tog razloga, ovaj rad se prevashodno fokusira na pravnu regulativu koja reguliše upotrebu ChatGPT-a, tumačenjem njegovog pravnog statusa, a sve to nakon kratkog predstavljanja njegovih funkcija i usluga (prvi deo rada). Zatim se pravi kritički osvrt na posebna pitanja vezana za ovaj novi alat veštačke inteligencije, na osnovu njegove primene u praksi u oblasti novinarstva (drugi deo rada). Nakon izvršene detaljne analize, rad ima za cilj da dovede do korisnih i originalnih zaključaka koji treba da rezultiraju dodatnim poboljšanjima u procesu uspostavljanja jednog moćnog, bezbednog i pouzdanog digitalnog okruženja.
Abstract
Artificial Intelligence (AI) constitutes one of the most fundamental pillars for the implementation of the EU Digital Agenda. It corresponds to the tremendous ongoing technological evolution which is marked by the spread of the digitalization in both private and public sector. AI tools provide numerous services, such as faster decision-making, performance of multiple tasks and repetitive jobs on our behalf and diagnosis of risky situations. This paper puts a special emphasis on the ChatGPT which is considered the most illustrative representative of the current AI technology. Within a minimal time of its existence this innovative viral chatbot has started to dominate the world of AI. However, its use raises serious legal and ethical risks for our privacy and protection of fundamental rights and freedoms, born by the lack of a binding regulatory framework governing AI. Therefore, at first level, this study focuses on the legal regime which governs the use of ChatGPT, by interpreting the legal status, after giving a short demonstration of its function and services (Section I). Secondly, a critical approach will be pursued focusing on special issues regarding this new AI tool on the basis of its application in practice at the area of journalism (Section II). Following that intense analysis, the paper aims to lead to fruitful and original conclusions with the ultimate goal to enhance the establishment of a powerful, safe and trustful digital environment.
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