2016, vol. 40, br. 3, str. 1101-1118
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Ograničenja u finansiranju malih preduzeća - empirijska analiza u Republici Srbiji
Financing obstacles of small enterprises: Empirical analysis in the Republic of Serbia
Sažetak
Mala preduzeća predstavljaju pokretačku snagu svake ekonomije i motor privrednog rasta kako u razvijenim zemljama tako i u zemljama u tranziciji. Jedan od problema sa kojim se suočavaju mala preduzeća i preduzetnici jeste nedostatak finansijskih sredstava ili otežan pristup finansijskim sredstvima za otpočinjanje i finansiranje razvoja svog preduzetničkog poduhvata. Cilj rada je analiza problema u finansiranju sa kojima se suočavaju mala preduzeća i preduzetnici u Republici Srbiji. U tom kontekstu je sprovedeno anketno ispitivanje 167 preduzeća, čiji odgovori su grupisani u zavisnosti od veličine preduzeća u tri grupe: mala preduzeća i preduzetnici, srednja preduzeća i velika preduzeća kako bi se poređenjem dobijenih rezultata uočile razlike u stavovima u zavisnosti od veličine preduzeća i dokazalo da mala preduzeća imaju otežan pristup finansijskim sredstvima. Istraživanje se zasniva na ograničenjima u finansiranju, finansijskim uslugama i odobrenim kreditnim uslovima u odnosu na veličinu preduzeća. Rezultati istraživanja su pokazali da postoje statistički značajne razlike između malih, srednjih i velikih preduzeća po većini ispitivanih parametara, kao i da mala preduzeća i preduzetnici imaju otežan pristup finansijskim sredstvima.
Abstract
Small enterprises are the driving force of any economy, and the engine of economic growth in both developed countries and countries in transition. One of the problems that small enterprises and entrepreneurs face is the lack of financial resources, or difficult access to them, for starting and financing the development of their entrepreneurial venture. The aim of the paper is to analyze the financing difficulties of small enterprises and entrepreneurs in the Republic of Serbia. 167 enterprises were surveyed and their responses were grouped into three groups depending on the size of an enterprise: small enterprises and entrepreneurs, medium enterprises and large enterprises so that by comparing the obtained results we could determine the differences in attitudes depending on the size of an enterprise and prove that small enterprises have limited access to financial resources. The research investigated financing constraints, financial services and approved loan conditions in relation to the size of an enterprise. The results showed statistically significant differences between small, medium and large enterprises in the majority of the observed parameters and that small enterprises and entrepreneurs have difficult access to financial resources.
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