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2018, vol. 70, br. 3, str. 38-54
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Ekološke izbeglice - (ne)rešiv problem međunarodne zajednice
aUniverzitet u Beogradu, Fakultet bezbednosti, Srbija
bCentar za istraživanje javnih politika, Beograd
Sažetak
Kako je kraj Hladnog rata sa sobom doneo mnoge promene u promišljanjima o bezbednosti, pitanje zaštite životne sredine i negativni efekti njene degradacije postali su jedno od najznačajnijih. Klimatske promene, prirodne katastrofe, ali i delovanja čoveka na životnu sredinu, rezultovala su masovnim kretanjima ljudi sa pogođenih područja u potrazi za boljim načinom života. Ovakvi trendovi uslovili su pojavu ekoloških izbeglica, sve prisutniju na agendi međunarodne zajednice. Sa tim u vezi, u radu su dotaknuti najznačajniji elementi koji stoje u vezi sa ovom pojavom. Kao glavni izazovi koji stoje pred međunarodnom zajednicom u kontekstu rešavanja ovog pitanja istaknuti su nepostojanje opšteprihvaćene definicije ovog koncepta, kao i jedinstvenog pravnog okvira i politike kojima bi se upravljalo ovom pojavom na lokalnom, nacionalnom, regionalnom i međunarodnom nivou, zatim demografski i klimatski trendovi koji direktno utiču na intenziviranje ove pojave, nepostojanje jedinstvenih i sistematskih analiza i procena i mnogi drugi.
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