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2018, vol. 10, br. 1, str. 25-36
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"Primer" kao objašnjenje - preispitivanje negativnog prijema moderne arhitekture
Exemplification as explanation: The negative reception of modern architecture revisited
Sažetak
Koji su razlozi za negativni prijem moderne arhitekture šezdesetih i sedamdesetih godina? Ako se pozovemo na kritičare, kontra reakcija je rezultat poplave novih semantičkih tumačenja iz disciplina kao što su psihologija i socijologija arhitekture. Ukoliko se okrenemo filozofiji arhitekture, pojam 'primera' dat od strane Nelsona Gudmana (Nelson Goodman) može da pruži neke odgovore, ne samo u vezi kritike moderne arhitekture, već i u pogledu epistemološkog zaokreta u arhitekturi. Ovaj rad tvrdi da je široka upotreba formalističke estetike primera upravo ono što je dovelo do osude internacionalnog stila, brutalizma i strukturalizma, a kao posledicu dalo dela monotone, samoreferentne i besmislene arhitekture. Ispitivanjem kritike u istoriji moderne arhitekture pod lupom Gudmanovog pojma primera, dobijamo da hegemonija sistema jednog simbola/primera može biti zaslužna za negativni prijem modernizma.
Abstract
What are the reasons for the negative reception of modern architecture in the 1960s and 1970s? If we consult the critics themselves, the counter-reaction is a result of the overflow of new semantic insights from disciplines such as psychology and sociology in architecture. But if we turn to philosophy of architecture, Nelson Goodman's notion of exemplification might provide some answers; not only to the critiques of modern architecture but also to the epistemic turn affecting architecture. This article argues that it was the extensive use of a formalist aesthetics of exemplification which led to condemnation of the International Style, Brutalism and Structuralism for producing monotonous, self-referential and meaningless works of architecture. By examining the historical critiques of modern architecture under the lens of Goodman's notion of exemplification, a picture emerges where it is the hegemony of one symbol system, exemplification, that may well be the culprit for the negative response to modernism.
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