Inflation is a persistent, continuous increase in general level of prices. It equally occupies the attention of economists, businessmen, citizens, and the state. It has been a topic often examined, but never sufficiently explored, because there is no country worldwide which may boast of having permanently eradicated the causes of price increase. Governments and central banks are, almost with no exception, under a test of accountability to establish controlled inflation and sustainable economic growth and development, as crucial prerequisites of economic and overall stability. Apart from the manifestation forms of inflation, the paper examines also the causes of inflation. The emphasis is put on the demand-pull inflation, within the scope of which the monetary theory of inflation, developed on the quantity theory of money, is analyzed. Further on, the paper points to the consequences of inflation, and then to programs of measures applied to combat the hyperinflation: an orthodox stabilization program, as the most favorable for curbing the standard hyperinflation, and a heterodox program that proved well in the countries with a newer-type hyperinflation.