The former polarization of financial theorists regarding the importance of money is characteristic more than a decade confrontation monetarist and Keynesians, theirs long - term debate and opposition thesis " money it's not important " and " just is Money important ", The last two decades of the twentieth century are characteristic of the official common house thesis that " money it is important " The justification for the need for a theoretical analysis in this work and today is found in the fact that contemporary macroeconomic theory recognizes the end of radical anti-Keynesianism and at the same time the end of the intellectual monopoly of the dominant neoliberal doctrine that logically relies on and/or emerges from it, namely monetarism and all later theoretical derivatives. On the other hand, the goal of this work is not to reach the possibility of formulating new theoretical propositions, but rather to review the conflicting positions of representatives of different doctrines in financial theory to see current problems and controversies, and possibly still unresolved dilemmas, both in financial theory and in the management of monetary policy. and fiscal policies. in the world and here too.