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2022, vol. 17, br. 1, str. 33-49
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Dobitak ili manje otpada? - digitalinabilnost u MSP - poređenje mađarskih i slovačkih MSP
Profit or less waste?: Digitainability in SMEs: A comparison of Hungarian and Slovakian SMEs
Projekat: This paper was supported by the International Visegrad Fund, project number 22110036, titled "Possibilities and barriers for Industry 4.0 implementation in SMEs in V4 countries and Serbia".
Sažetak
Mala i srednja preduzeća koja posluju u 21. veku moraju se suočiti sa nekoliko izazova, uključujući pomeranje ka digitalnoj transformaciji, reorganizaciju poslovanja kako bi se održala održivost, ali, s druge strane, kako ne bi izgubili profit i održali poslovanje. Ovaj rad ima za cilj da otkrije da li su profit i visoka stopa digitalizacije ili zabrinutost za održivost glavne pokretačke snage malih i srednjih preduzeća u Mađarskoj i Slovačkoj. U radu se analizira 210 posmatranih MSP i koristi se metod drvo odlučivanja CHAID paralelno sa faktorskom i klasterskom analizom kako bi se istražile sličnosti i razlike u ponašanju MSP u Mađarskoj i Slovačkoj. Rezultati pokazuju da slovačka MSP imaju pozitivniji stav prema digitalizaciji; i mađarska i slovačka mala i srednja preduzeća su podeljena u dve grupe u pogledu pristupa digitalizaciji i održivosti, dok značajne razlike variraju pod uslovom da su u pitanju smanjenje troškova i resursa, produženje životnog ciklusa proizvoda ili veća produktivnost. MSPP u obe zemlje se slažu da se poslovni modeli moraju prilagoditi digitalizaciji i održivosti, dok su zabrinuti zbog negativnog uticaja digitalizacije iako se značajno razlikuju.
Abstract
SMEs operating in the 21st century must face several challenges including a push towards digital transformation, reorganising business operations to maintain sustainability but on the other hand not to lose profit and keep the business running. This paper aims to reveal whether the profit and the high rate of digitalisation or the sustainability concerns are the main driving forces of SMEs in Hungary and Slovakia. The paper analyses 210 observed SMEs and uses the CHAID decision tree method parallel to factor and cluster analyses to explore the similarities and differences in Hungarian and Slovakian SME behaviours. The results show Slovakian SMEs have a more positive attitude to digitalisation; both Hungarian and Slovakian SMEs are split into two groups in terms of approach to digitalisation and sustainability while the significant differences vary provided the questions of cost and resource reduction, extension of product life cycle or higher productivity are concerned. SMES in both countries agree that business models need to be adjusted to digitalisation and sustainability while they are concerned about the negative impact of digitalisation although significantly differently.
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