2018, vol. 8, br. 1, str. 7-14
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Evaluacija ciljeva produktivnosti i ergonomskih mera - studija ljudskog faktora u industriji ambalaže
Evaluating productivity target and ergonomics safeguard: A human factor study of bottle making industry
Olabisi Onabanjo University, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ago iwoye, Nigeria
Sažetak
U radu je prikazana evaluacija odnosa između efikasnosti produktivnosti operatera na mašinama i njihove satisfakcije ergonomskim uslovima pri radu u industriji ambalaže u jugozapadnoj Nigeriji. U toku jednogodišnjeg ispitivanja, izračunata je efikasnost produktivnosti u slučaju 50 operatera na poluatomatskim mašinama za PET ambalažu u 12 fabrika ambalaže. Subjektivna percepcija radnika (prikazana kroz skalu kategorije i skalu odnosa) u pogledu opterećenja i izloženosti opasnostima od mašina je izmerena pomoću upitnika. Rezultati procene efikasnosti produktivnosti operatera na mašinama pokazali su da je 78% ispitanika ocenilo svoju produktivnost kao prosečnu. Međutim, više od 92% operatera je pretrpelo mentalno ili fizičko opterećenje, kao i opterećenje zbog uticaja na životnu sredinu. Rezultati t-testa ukazuju na statistički značajno veću vrednost efikasnosti produktivnosti (54.22 ± 2.5, SEM = 1.8) u odnosu na satisfakciju ergonomskim uslovima (34.40 ± 2.75, SEM = .125), t (98) = 23.309, p = .001, čime se dolazi do zaključka da postoji jaz između satisfakcije ergonomskim uslovima i nivoa produktivnosti operatera na mašinama. U studiji je dat predlog razvoja administrativnih mera za poboljšanje zdravlja i bezbednosti radnika.
Abstract
This study evaluated the relationship between machinery operators' productivity efficiency (MOPE) and the machinery operators' on-the-job ergonomics satisfactions (MOOES) in Southwest Nigeria bottle making industry (BMI). The MOPE, for a period of one year, was computed for 50 semi-automatic PET blow machines operators in 12 bottle making industries. The subjective perceptions of the workers (category ratio scale - (CRS)) with respect to workloads elements and exposures to machine related hazards were measured using a questionnaire. MOPE results showed 78% of the studied subjects scored about 50% and their productivity were rated average. However, more than 92% of the operators suffered from mental, physical and environmental workload elements. With test, MOPE showed statistically significantly higher means value (54.22 ± 2.5, SEM= 1.8) compared to MOOES (34.40 ± 2.75, SEM=.125), t(98) = 23.309, p = .001 hence, were significantly different t- confirming a gap between machinery operators' ergonomics satisfactions and their productivity levels. The study suggested development of administrative measures capable of bridging the gap to enhance health and safety of the workers.
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