Many countries of the world are exposed to the threat of terrorism driven exclusively by political motives. As a contemporary phenomenon, terrorism has become a global threat to world peace and safety of peoples, states, and regions. Most countries consider it as the most explicit form of threat to their security and the security of the international community as a whole. Notwithstanding, there is a double criterion as regards defining the terrorist activities of particular groups, movements, and political organizations. The paper deals with issues associated with the defense against terrorism. It identifies the threat posed by terrorism at national regional, and global levels, and points to the need for involving the entire society in the struggle against it. In this respect, the paper analyzes the ways and main features of the defense against terrorism, noting that the terrorist activities against Serbia are of changing nature. It puts special emphasis on the measures and efforts of Serbia in the anti-terror defense, as well as preventive and repressive measures, and analyzes their mutual relation. Special attention is made to strategic prerequisites of successful preparation and conduct of anti-terror activities, as well as to factors principles, conditions, and the structure of the forces designed to carry out the anti-terror operations.