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2018, vol. 63, br. 1, str. 1-10
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Uticaj organskih đubriva na rast i prinos dugačke kajenske paprike u dvema agroekološkim zonama Nigerije
Comparative effect of organic fertilizers on growth and yield of long cayenne pepper in two agro-ecological zones of Nigeria
aVegetable Improvement Programme, National Horticultural Research Institute, Idi-Ishin, Jericho, Ibadan, Nigeria bDepartment of Agronomy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria cInstitute Agricultural Research & Training, Moor Plantation, Ibadan, Nigeria
e-adresa: oluwakayodefunmi@gmail.com
Sažetak
Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je da se poboljša rast i prinos dugačke kajenske paprike upotrebom deset organskih đubriva. Organska đubriva uključujući 'titonijski kompost' (TC), živinski stajnjak iz kaveznog uzgoja (PMB), živinski stajnjak sa prostirkom (PMD), ostaci povrća i hrane + živinski stajnjak (POF), komercijalno organsko đubrivo nastalo kombinacijom industrijskog, gradskog i pijačnog organskog otpada, (SOF), komercijalno đubrivo od gradskog otpada (AOF), otpad iz pivara (BW), kravlju balegu (CD), pepeo od ostataka isceđenih plodova uljane palme (OPBA), ljusku od plodova kakaoa (CPH) sakupljena su na određenim lokalitetima u državama Ojo, Osun i Ondo u Nigeriji. Ogled je postavljen 2008. godine po potpuno slučajnom blok sistemu, kao dvofaktorijalni, gde je uključeno deset organskih đubriva i kontrola i koja su ispitivana na dva lokaliteta (2x11) Ibadan i Ogbomoso. Doza od 130 kg N ha-1 svakog organskog đubriva primenjena je jednu nedelju pre rasađivanja. Šestonedeljni rasad paprike rasađen je na parcelu dimenzije 3×2 m (6 m2) sa po jednom biljkom po kućici. Prikupljeni podaci o rastu i prinosu obrađeni su analizom varijanse (ANOVA), a najmanja značajna razlika (LSD) pri nivou p<0,05 korišćena je kako bi se uporedile srednje vrednosti. Rezultati ogleda pokazuju da je ukupan sadržaj osnovnih hranljivih elemenata deset ispitivanih organskih đubriva imao sledeći raspored: SOF > OPBA = CPH > AOF > TC> POF > PMB = CD > BW > PMD. Sva organska đubriva značajno su povećala rast i prinos paprike u odnosu na kontrolni tretman. Tri najbolja organska đubriva na dva lokaliteta u pogledu dužine ploda bila su TC = SOF = PM. Veličina ploda na lokalitetu Ogbomoso bila je relativno veća nego na lokalitetu u Ibadanu. Ukupan prinos ploda bio je najviši u tretmanima sa TC, SOF, PM i PMD na oba lokaliteta. Na kraju, varijacije su postojale u sastavu hranljivih elemenata organskog đubriva. U isto vreme đubriva TC, PMB, PMD i SOF su bila značajno slična po svojoj sposobnosti da poboljšaju prinos paprike. Pored toga đubriva PMB, TC i SOF značajno su uticala na vegetativni porast paprike.
Abstract
The objective of this study was to improve the growth and yield of long cayenne pepper using 10 organic fertilizers. Organic fertilizers including tithonia compost (TC), poultry manure from a battery cage (PMB), poultry manure from dip-litter (PMD), pacesetter organic fertilizer (POF), sunshine organic fertilizer (SOF), ayeye organic fertilizer (AOF), brewery waste (BW), cow dung (CD), oil palm bunch ash (OPBA), cocoa pod husk (CPH) were collected at some specific locations in Oyo, Osun and Ondo States of Nigeria. The experiment was a 2×11 factorial experiment fitted into a randomized complete block design consisting of 10 organic fertilizers and the control at two locations (Ibadan and Ogbomoso) in 2008. The dosage of 130 kg N ha-1 of each of organic fertilizer was applied one week before transplanting. Six -week-old pepper seedlings were transplanted into a plot of 3m×2m (6m2) with one seedling per hill. Growth and yield data collected were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the least significant difference (LSD) at p <0.05 was used to compare the means. The results of the experiment reveal that the overall macronutrient content of the ten evaluated organic fertilizer sources was presented in the following order: SOF>OPBA=CPH>AOF>TC>POF>PMB=CD>BW>PMD. All the organic fertilizers more significantly enhanced the growth and yield of pepper than the control. The best three organic fertilizers at both locations in terms of fruit length were TC=SOF=PM. Fruit size at Ogbomoso was relatively bigger than that of Ibadan. The total fruit yield was highest under TC, SOF, PM and PMD at both locations. In conclusion, variations existed in the nutrient composition of the organic fertilizer. Meanwhile, TC, PMB, PMD and SOF were significantly similar in their ability to improve pepper yield. Moreover, PMB, TC and SOF significantly enhanced the vegetative growth of pepper.
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