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2005, vol. 46, br. 1-2, str. 22-28
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Bezbednost hrane u proizvodnji mesa - izazov i šansa za budućnost
Food safety in meat production: A challenge and a chance for the future
Federal Research Center for Nutrition and Food, Institute for Chemistry and Physics, Klumbach
Sažetak
Dok su se u prvih sedam decenija 20. veka potrošači interesovali za kvalitet i uglavnom senzorske aspekte kvaliteta mesa, predmet njihovog interesovanja kasnije je prebačen na sveobuhvatno sagledavanje kvaliteta, a naročito na bezbednost. Bezbedna hrana treba da bude hranljiva, sa niskim procentom hemijskih zagađivača i broja mikroba. Kako bi se ovo sprovelo medu svim učesnicima u lancu ishrane danas se uredbama i zakonima zahtevaju sistemi autentičnosti i praćenja od njive do trpeze, uključujući i proizvođače stočne hrane. Bezbedna hrana mora biti zdrava u nutritivnom smislu. Uveden je sistem deklarisanja pa i dodatni nutritivni i zdravstveni zahtevi ili su oni razmatrani. Stvorene su funkcionalne namirnice. Gde je mesto mesa i proizvoda od mesa u pogledu pitanja bezbednosti? Meso može da zadovolji zahteve za praćenjem, ima nizak procenat zagađivača i mali broj mikroba. Hranljivo je i najpogodnije za sisteme deklarisanja i dalje zahteve. Industrija mesa treba da iskoristi svoju priliku. Aspekti bezbednosti u širem smislu biće predmet ovog rada.
Abstract
Whereas in the first seven decades of the 20th century consumers were interested in quantity and mainly the sensory aspects of meat quality, the focus of their interest was later shifted to a comprehensive view of quality and especially to safety. Safe food has to be nutritious, low in chemical contaminants and microbial counts. In order to enforce this with all the participants in the food chain, authenticity and tractability systems from farm to fork, including feed manufacturers, are required nowadays by directives and laws. Safe food has to be healthy in the sense of nutrition. Labeling system or even further advanced nutrition and health claims have been introduced or are discussed. Functional foods have been created. Where is the position of meat and meat products regarding the safety issue? Meat can satisfy the tractability requirements, it is low in contaminants and can be low in microbial counts. It is nutritious and best suited for labeling systems and further claims. Meat industry should take its chance. Safety aspects in a broad sense will be the topic of this paper.
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