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2010, vol. 16, br. 1-2, str. 41-49
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Morfološke karakteristike i posturalni status dece od 9 do 12 godina na području Sremske Mitrovice
Morphologic characteristics and postural status in children aged 9 to 12 years in Sremska Mitrovica municipality
Univerzitet Educons, Fakultet za sport i turizam, Novi Sad
e-adresa: djokicz@eunet.rs
Sažetak
Na uzorku od 1.523 učenika, 775 dečaka i 748 devojčica, školskog uzrasta od trećeg do šestog razreda, izvršena je procena morfološkog i posturalnog statusa primenom 11 varijabli (3 za procenu morfološkog i 8 za procenu posturalnog statusa). Kod dečaka, gojaznost je zastupljena u 5,6%, a prekomerna uhranjenost u 19,7% slučajeva. Kod devojčica, 4,6% je gojazno, dok je 15,1% prekomerno uhranjenih. Najveći broj gojaznih kod dečaka je u trećem, a kod devojčica u četvrtom razredu. Najveći broj prekomerno uhranjenih je u šestom razredu kod dečaka, i u petom kod devojčica. Gojaznost i prekomerna uhranjenost predstavljaju faktor rizika za nastanak deformiteta stopala - ravno stopalo. Svega 38,1% dece školskog uzrasta od trećeg do šestog razreda je sa pravilnim posturalnim statusom. Najzastupljeniji poremećaj posturalnog statusa je deformitet stopala - ravna stopala sa 26,6%, više kod dečaka. Od poremećaja kičmenog stuba, najzastupljenija je skolioza - 19,6%, zatim kifoza - 7,6% i lordoza - 1,0%. Od deformiteta grudnog koša, najzastupljenije su udubljene grudi - 4,2%, češće kod dečaka, u odnosu na ispupčene grudi - 0,9%. Deformiteti nogu su zastupljeni u 1,9% slučajeva, više kod devojčica. Generalno, dečaci su znatno više izloženi faktorima rizika za nastanak gojaznosti i prekomerne uhranjenosti i poremećajima posturalnog statusa nego devojčice.
Abstract
On sample of 1523 pupils, 775 boys and 748 girls, school age from 3rd to 6th class, morphological and postural status were analyzed by using 11 variables (3 for valuation of morphological and 8 for evaluation of postural status); 5.6% of boys are obese and 19.7% are overweight. 4.6% of girls are obese and 15.1% are overweight. Largest number of obese boys is in third class and girls in 4th class. Largest number of overweight boys is in sixth class and girls in 4th class. Obese and overweight are factors of risk for development of deformities of foot - flat foot. Only 38.1% pupils from third to sixth class have normal postural status. Most frequent postural disorder is flat foot (deformity of foot) - 26.6% - more often boys than girls. In postural status disorders of spinal column, the first place holds scoliosis - 19.6%, than kyphosis - 7.6% and lordosis - 1.0%. Deformities of thorax have incidence of 4.2% - pectus carrinatum (more often in boys) and 0.9% - pectus excavatum. Incidence of legs deformities is 1.9% - more often in girls In general, boys are much more exposed to risk factors for development of obesity and overweight, and to disorders of postural status.
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