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2022, vol. 50, br. 5, str. 343-352
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Rasprostranjenost leptiraste vaši duvana - Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) na povrtarskim kulturama u južnom dijelu Crne Gore
Distribution of Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) on vegetables in southern part of Montenegro
Univerzitet Crne Gore, Biotehnički fakultet, Podgorica, Crna Gora
e-adresa: snjezanah@ucg.ac.me
Sažetak
Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) je veoma polifagna štetočina koja napada više od 800 biljnih vrsta. Ishranom nanosi značajnu štetu brojnom povrću i ukrasnom bilju. Njen ekonomski značaj je još već i jer prenosi više od 400 vrsta virusa. Bemisia tabaci je prvi put utvrđena u Crnoj Gori u maju 2008. godine na Hibiscus sp. na području Podgorice. Prvi nalaz na povrću bio je u septembru 2011. godine na dinji (Cucumis melo L.) na otvorenom polju u blizini Ulcinja. Nakon prvog nalaza na povrću, u narednih pet godina (2012-2016) vršen je monitoring na lokalitetima u južnom dijelu Crne Gore (Ulcinj, Bar, Budva, Tivat, Herceg Novi, Podgorica) gdje je glavna proizvodnja povrća. Vizuelni pregledi vršeni su više puta tokom vegetacije od kraja juna do prve polovine oktobra na različitim povrtarskim biljkama. Rezultati petogodišnjeg monitoringa pokazali su prisustvo B. tabaci na području Ulcinja, Bara, Budve, Tivta i Podgorice Na području Herceg Novog nije zabilježeno prisustvo. B. tabaci je utvrđena na osam povrtarskih vrsta iz dvije familije: dinja, krastavac, tikvica, bundeva i lubenica (Cucurbitaceae), plavi patlidžan, paradajz i paprika (Solanaceae). Takođe, utvrđeno je da je brojnost populacije varirala u zavisnosti od biljke domaćina i lokaliteta. Kao najprijemčiviji domaćin pokazala se dinja, zatim krastavac i patlidžan. Kompletno razviće B. taba ci je uspješno završila na dinji, krastavcu, tikvici i plavom patlidžanu.
Abstract
Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) is very polyphagous pest, attacking more than 800 host plants. It causes serious damage to numerous vegetable and ornamental plants by feeding. Its economic importance is even higher because it transmits more than 400 virus species. Bemisia tabaci was found for the first time in Montenegro in May 2008 on Hibiscus sp. in area of the city of Podgorica. The first detection on vegetables was in September 2011 on melon (Cucumis melo L.) in an open field near city of Ulcinj. After the fi rst detection on vegetables, monitoring of B. tabaci was conducted in next five years (2012-2016) on localities in southern part of Montenegro (Ulcinj, Bar, Budva, Tivat, Herceg Novi, Podgorica) where the main vegetable production is placed. Visual inspections were carried out several times during the growing season from the end of June to the first half of October, on different vegetable plants. The results of the five-year monitoring showed the presence of B. tabaci in the area of Ulcinj, Bar, Budva, Tivat and Podgorica. No presence was detected in area of Herceg Novi. It was also established that the population density varied depending on the host plant and locality. B. tabaci was found on eight vegetables belonging to two botanical families: melon, cucumber, zucchini, pumpkin and watermelon (Cucurbitaceae), eggplant, tomato and pepper (Solanaceae). The melon was found as the most preferable host, followed by cucumber and eggplant. The complete development of B. tabaci was successfully completed on melon, cu cumber and eggplant.
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