2017, vol. 55, br. 7-9, str. 363-377
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Diskriminacija kod određivanja premije osiguranja
Discrimination in the determination of insurance premiums
Institut za uporedno pravo, Beograd, Srbija
Sažetak
Kad govorimo o diskriminaciji kod određivanja premije osiguranja, govorimo, pre svega, o uzimanju u obzir različitih rizika vezanih za različite polove, godine starosti, zdravstveno stanje, itd. Direktiva Saveta br. 2004/113/EZ o primeni principa ravnopravnog tretmana muškaraca i žena u vezi sa korišćenjem usluga i prometom roba se odnosi i na osiguranje. Međutim, odluka Evropskog suda pravde u sporu Test-Achats poništila je odredbu člana 5, stava 2 pomenute Direktive kojim se regulisalo uzimanje u obzir razlika na osnovu pola kod usluga osiguranja, a pod uslovom da se premije određuju na osnovu preciznih aktuarskih podataka. Inače, odluka Test-Achats je dovela do porasta ukupne cene proizvoda osiguranja. Međutim, još uvek se u zemljama EU ne osećaju velike posledice donošenja ove odluke. U radu se analizira pitanje da li se premija određuje samo pomoću statističkih i aktuarskih podataka ili se mora voditi računa i o elementima koje možemo definisati kao diskriminatorske.
Abstract
When we talk about discrimination in determining insurance premiums, we are talking primarily about taking into account the different risks associated with different genders, age, health status, etc. Directive 2004/113/EC implementing the principle of equal treatment between men and women in the access to and supply of goods and services applies to insurance, too. However, decision of the European Court of Justice in the dispute Test-Achats annulled theprovisions of Article 5, paragraph 2 of the abovementioned Directive, which regulate taking into account differences based on gender with the insurance services, and on condition that the premium is determined on the basis of accurate actuarial data. Otherwise, the decision of Test-Achats has led to an increase in the total cost of insurance products. However, it is still in the EU countries do not feel the enormous consequences of this decision. The paper analyzes the question of whether the premium is determined only by means of statistical and actuarial data or must be taken into account and the elements that can be defined as discriminatory.
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