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2022, vol. 26, br. 2, str. 71-74
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Zajednički i direktni efekti genotipa i uslova životne sredine na varijabilnost prinosa i komponenti prinosa linija kukuruza
Joint and direct effects of genotypes and environment conditions on yield and yield components variability of maize inbred lines
aInstitut za kukuruz 'Zemun polje', Beograd-Zemun, Srbija bInstitut za zaštitu bilja i životnu sredinu, Beograd, Srbija
e-adresa: mtabakovic@mrizp.rs
Projekat: Ministarstvo prosvete, nauke i tehnološkog razvoja Republike Srbije (institucija: Institut za kukuruz 'Zemun polje', Beograd-Zemun) (MPNTR - 451-03-68/2020-14/200040)
Ministarstvo prosvete, nauke i tehnološkog razvoja Republike Srbije (institucija: Institut za zaštitu bilja i životnu sredinu, Beograd) (MPNTR - 451-03-68/2020-14/200010)
Sažetak
Cilj rada bio je da se oceni uticaj uslova sredine i genotipa na prinos tri linije kukuruza i morfološke osobine klipa. U radu je korišćeno seme tri linije kukuruza, u dvogodišnjem ogledu izvedenom u 2018 i 2019 godini, na jednoj lokaciji. Parametri koji su posmatrani bili su prinos zrna (MSY), apsolutna masa semena (SW), zapremina semena (V), gustina semena (BD), dužina klipa (EL), debljina klipa (ET) i težina klipa (EW). Kalibracijom semena dobijene su tri frakcije semena: sitna, veličine semena 6,5-8,4mm (SF), krupna, veličine semena 8,5-11mm (KF) i frakcija otpada, veličine semena ispod 6,5mm i iznad 11mm (FW).Prosečan prinos za sve linije u prvoj godine bio je 6,13 a u drugoj 4,66 t ha-1 . Značajan efekat ekoloških uslova bio je i na apsolutnu masu semena (327,56 g u prvoj; odnosno 251,77 g u drugoj godini). Ovako velika razlika u apsolutnoj masi semena odrazila se i na ukupan odnos sitne (SF) i krupne frakcije (LF) semena na klipu. Ukupno variranje prinosa klipa determinisano morfološkim osobinama semena bilo je R2 = 0.514. Sve morfološke osobine klipa i semena međusobno su značajno korelirale na oba nivoa značajnosti (p≤0,01, p≤0,05).
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the influence of environmental conditions and genotype on the yield of three maize lines and the morphological properties of ears and seeds. Three hybrid maize lines were used as material in the study conducted in two consecutive years (2018 and 2019) at one location (Zemun Polje, Belgrade, Serbia). The following parameters were monitored: seed weight (SW), seed volume (V), bulk density (BD), ear length (EL), ear thickness (ET), fraction content and seed yield (MSY). Calibration divided the seed into a small seed fraction of 6.5-8.4 mm (SF) and a large seed fraction of 8.5-11 mm (LF). Seeds smaller than 6.5 mm and larger than 11 mm are presented as seed waste fraction (FW). The average seed yield for all three lines in the first and the second year was 6.13 and 4.66 t ha-1 , respectively. A significant impact of the environment was noticed on seed weights in both years (2018 and 2019), i.e. 327.56 and 251.77 g, respectively. The total variation in yield determined by the morphological characteristics of the seed was R2 =0.514.
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