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2021, vol. 10, br. 19, str. 24-33
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Sličnost ekonomskog razvoja Turske i Jugoslavije između dva svetska rata - uporedna analiza makroekonomskih indikatora
The similarity of economic development of Turkey and Yugoslavia in the interwar period: Comparative analysis of macroeconomic indicators
Sažetak
U međuratnom razdoblju Turska i Jugoslavija, i pored mnogih različitosti, imaju približno slične ekonomske performanse, posebno tokom 1930-ih kada su njihovi prosečni BDP po kupovnoj moći per capita približni, što implicitno ukazuje na sličan nivo životnog standarda. I Turska i Jugoslavija su u posmatranom razdoblju ostale pretežno agrarne privrede, kako u pogledu udela zaposlenih po delatnostima ili pak strukture BDP-a. S tim povezane su i slične ekonomske politike koje su dve zemlje sprovodile u međuratnom razdoblju, pre svega izražen protekcionizam, odnosno substitucija uvoza, ali i relativno restriktivna monetarna i fiskalna politika, što je bilo u skladu sa dominirajućim ekonomskim praksama zapadnih država u tom periodu. Obe zemlje su tokom 1930-ih intenzivirale napore ka industrijalizaciji. Ipak, industrijski rast 1930-ih, posebno izražen u Turskoj, nije rezultirao značajnijim strukturnim promenama dve privrede, koje su po nivou razvijenosti ostale pri evropskom dnu.
Abstract
In the interwar period, Turkey and Yugoslavia, despite many differences, have approximately similar economic performance, especially during the 1930s when the average GDP per capita at purchasing power parity for the two countries was almost the same, implicitly indicating a similar living standard. Both Turkey and Yugoslavia remained predominantly agrarian economies in the observed period, both in terms of the share of employees by sectors or the GDP structure. The two countries pursued a protectionist policy during the 1930s, which, in addition to imports substitution, also meant intensifying industrialization. However, the industrial growth of the 1930s, especially strong in Turkey, did not result in significant structural changes in the two economies, which remained at the European bottom in terms of development.
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